标题: 21.3 渲染工程——REAPER用户手册中文版 [打印本页] 作者: 琴韵晓波 时间: 2021-7-5 09:34 标题: 21.3 渲染工程——REAPER用户手册中文版 21.3 Rendering A Project
21.3 渲染工程
As you'll find out before the end of this chapter, the File, Render... command has several uses. One is for rendering a complete project down to a single stereo file. When you have finished your recording and edits, added FX and automation, arranged all your tracks …. now you want to produce an end product for distribution. If you're aiming for an audio CD, you will need one 16-bit stereo wave file for each song on the CD. If you're distributing thru the web, then probably you will need stereo MP3 files. Regardless of format, each project will ultimately need to be rendered down to one file.
正如你将在本章结束前发现的,“文件”、“渲染...”命令有几种用途。一种是用于将整个工程渲染到单个立体声文件。假设你已经完成了录音,完成了编辑,添加了所有的FX和自动化功能,安排了所有的轨道……,现在你想生成一个最终的作品进行发行。如果你的目标是一张音频CD,你需要为CD上的每首歌提供一个16位立体声波形文件。如果你是通过网络发行的,那么你很可能需要一系列立体声MP3文件。无论您选择哪种格式,最终都需要将每个工程渲染为一个文件。
Use the File, Render command (Ctrl Alt R). The dialog box (right) shows the various options. You must specify a directory and file name: if you wish, use the Browse button for either or both of these. Your other choices will depend on the ultimate destination of your material. A summary of Render to File dialog box options follows below.
使用“文件,渲染”命令(Ctrl+Alt+R)。对话框(右侧)显示了各种选项。您必须指定一个目录和文件名: 如果您愿意,请使用“浏览”按钮进行其中一个或两个操作。你的其他选择将取决于你的素材的最终目的。以下是“渲染到文件”对话框选项的摘要。
Option Explanation
选项 说明
Source
来源
Master mix mixes all media to a single file, stems sends selected tracks to separate files, or choose both (more later in this chapter). Other options are region render matrix (see later in this chapter) or selected tracks or media items or razor edit areas (optionally via the master).
“主控混音”将所有媒体混合到一个文件中,“分轨”将选中的轨道发送到单独的文件,或者两者都选择(本章稍后将详细介绍)。其他选项是“区间渲染矩阵”(请参见本章稍后部分)或“选中的轨道”或“选中的媒体对象”、“剃刀编辑区域”(可选“通过主控”)。
Bounds: options vary according to Source (e.g. bounds options for Master Mix bounds are shown here on right) Select custom time range (enter in edit boxes), Entire project, Time selection (made in arrange view), Custom time range (enter start and end times in dialog) or Project regions (selected in Region/Marker Manager or Region Render Matrix). For Entire project, markers named =START and =END (if present) will be used to define start and end of project for rendering.
“界限”: 根据来源的不同,选项会有所不同(例如,此处右侧显示了主控混音界限的界限选项)。选择“自定义时间范围”(在编辑框中输入)、“整个工程”、“时间选区”(在排列视图中选择)、“自定义时间范围”(在对话框中输入开始和结束时间)或“工程区间”(在“区间/标记管理器”或“区间渲染矩阵”中选择)。对于整个工程,名为“=START”和“=END”(如果存在)的标记将用于定义要渲染的工程的开始和结束。
Bounds: project markers/selected markers
界限: 工程标记/选中的标记
Choosing project markers causes a separate item to be rendered from each project marker to the next. Choosing selected markers causes a separate item to be rendered between each selected marker and the next marker.
选择“工程标记”会导致从每个工程标记到下一个工程标记渲染一个单独的对象。选择“选中的标记”会导致在每个选中的标记和下一个标记之间渲染一个单独的对象。
Presets button
预置按钮
Displays a menu of options to saves settings as a preset, or load, rename or delete a previously saved preset. These can include Bounds and output settings only, Options and format settings only, or All settings.
显示选项菜单,用于将设置保存为预置,或加载、重命名或删除以前保存的预置。这些设置可以包括仅“边界和输出”设置、仅“选项和格式”设置或“全部”设置。
Directory and File name
目录和文件名
Any directory specified in Preferences will be used by default. Otherwise, type in a directory of your choosing or use the Browse button. See Preferences (General, Paths) for more about relative and absolute paths
默认情况下,将使用首选项中指定的目录。否则,请键入您选择的目录或使用浏览按钮。有关相对路径和绝对路径的更多信息,请参阅首选项(“常规”、“路径”)
Use Wildcards to include in the filename data such as track name or number, project file name, and/or date/time stamps (Chapter 21.2.1).
使用“通配符”将轨道名称或编号、工程文件名或日期/时间戳等数据包含在文件名中(第21.1节)。
Sample Rate
采样率
Select a value in the range 8000 to 192000, depending on output format and other factors. Some examples follow in the table after this one.
根据输出格式和其他因素,选择一个介于8,000到192000之间的值。下面的表格中列出了一些例子。
Channels
通道数
Choose mono, stereo or select a number for multichannel output.
选择“mono(单通道)”、“stereo(双通道)”或选择多通道输出的数字。
On or Off-Line Speed (see also note below table)
在线或离线速度(另请参阅下表注释)
Full-speed (default) for fastest rendering. Others include 1 x offline, online (play mix while rendering), online (idle) and offline x 1 (idle). Idle assigns a lower system priority to the render thread, freeing PC resources for other tasks.
“全速(默认)”以获得最快的渲染速度。其他包括“1x离线”、“在线(边播放混音边渲染)”、“在线(空闲)”、和“1x离线(空闲)”。“空闲”为渲染线程指定较低的系统优先级,从而释放PC资源,用于其他任务。
Use project sample rate
使用工程采样率...
Allows project sample rate to be used for mixing and FX/synth processing.
允许工程采样率用于混缩和FX/合成器数据处理。
2 nd pass render
第二次传递时渲染
Audio plays once before rendering, so that FX tails (e.g. reverb) are applied.
音频在渲染前播放一次,以便应用FX尾部(例如混响)。
Normalize/Limit/Fade
标准化/限制/淡变
Normalize to RMS-I, LUFS-I, True Peak, Peak, LUFS-M max or LUFS-S max to a target level or Brickwall limit to Peak or True Peak. Optionally, only normalize files that are too loud. This can prevent clipping.
标准化到RMS-I、LUFS-I、真实峰值、峰值、LUFS-M最大值或LUFS-S最大值,以达到目标电平,或砖墙限制到峰值或真实峰值。(可选)“仅标准化声音过大的文件”。这样可以防止削波。
Fades can be applied (in and/or out) of a length and shape that you specify.
淡入和/或淡出可以应用指定的长度和形状。
Resample mode
重采样模式
Various options allow trade off between speed and quality. Default is 192.
各种选项允许在速度和质量之间进行权衡。默认值为192。
Use project rate
使用工程比率
Enabled this automatically uses project sample rate for mixing/processing.
启用后,将自动使用工程采样率进行混缩/处理。
Tracks with only mono media ...
仅包含单声道媒体的轨道...
Enabling this ensures that mono channel rendering will automatically be applied to tracks where all media items are mono or with a mono Item Setting.
启用此选项,可确保单声道渲染将自动应用于全部媒体对象都是单声道或具有单声道对象设置的轨道。
Multichannel tracks...
多通道轨道...
These can be rendered to multichannel files. An example follows shortly.
这些可以渲染为多通道文件。下面是一个例子。
Dither, Noise shaping (master mix and/or stems)
抖动、噪音整形(主控混音或分轨)
Not available with all output formats, commonly used when rendering 24 bit (or higher) audio material to 16-bit WAV format for audio CD. Creates a smoother transition to the lower sample rate in the rendering process.
不适用于所有输出格式,通常用于将24位(或更高)音频素材渲染为音频CD的16位WAV格式时。在渲染过程中创建到较低采样率的平滑过渡。
Only sent to parent
仅发送到父级
If enabled, only channels sent to their parent will be rendered.
如果启用,将仅渲染发送到其父级的通道。
Render stems prefader
渲染分轨推子前
This option is available if the source option includes stems.
如果“来源”选项包括“分轨”,则此选项可用。
Metadata
元数据
Click this button to embed metadata in the rendered file - see Chapter 21.2.2.
单击此按钮可在渲染文件中嵌入元数据——请参见第21.2.2节。
Preserve metadata
保留元数据
Option to Preserve source media metadata if possible.
如果可能,可选择保留源媒体元数据。
Primary/Secondary output format
主/辅助输出格式
Select primary format for rendering (or choose dry run, no output). You may also choose a secondary format, for example, to render two separate files, one in WAV and the other in (say) MP3 format. Choose WAV, AIFF, CAF, Raw PCM data, Audio CD image (CUE/BIN), DDP, FLAC, MP3, OGG Vorbis, OGG Opus, video (Ffmpeg/libav encoder), video (GIF), or WavPack lossless compression.
选择渲染素材的主格式(或选择“预演(不输出)”)。您也可以选择辅助格式,例如,渲染两个单独的文件,一个是WAV格式,另一个是(比方说)MP3格式。选择WAV、AIFF、CAF、原始PCM数据、音频CD映像(CUE/BIN)、DDP、FLAC、MP3、OGG Vorbis、OGG Opus、视频(Ffmpeg/libav编码器)、视频(GIF)或WavPack无损压缩。
Format specific options
格式特定选项
Other options depend on the format, e.g., for WAV or AIFF files, bit depth, for FLAC encoding depth and data compression level, for MP3 bitrate mode (e.g., variable or constant) and the actual bitrate, and so on.
其他选项取决于格式,例如,对于WAV或AIFF文件,指定“位深度”,对于FLAC,选择FLAC编码深度和数据压缩级别,对于MP3比特率模式(例如,可变或恒定)和实际比特率,等等。
For WAV files, you may embed markers and/or regions as cues in the output file(s), and/or project tempo. The option Include project filename in BWF description is also available for WAV format: it associates rendered files with the source project - see Chapter 12.
对于WAV文件,可以在输出文件和/或工程速度中嵌入标记和/或区间作为Cue。选项“在BWF数据中包含工程文件名”也适用于WAV格式: 它将渲染文件与源工程相关联——请参见第12章。
Silently increment filenames...
静默递增文件名...
Prevents you from accidentally overwriting an existing file: an incremental number (001, 002, etc.) will be added if an existing file name is used.
防止意外覆盖现有文件: 如果使用现有文件名,将添加一个递增数字(001、002等)。
Embed tempo
嵌入速度
This option is available for WAV and AIF files only. See section Embedding Transient Information when Rendering for detailed explanation.
此选项仅适用于WAV和AIF文件。有关详细说明,请参见渲染时嵌入瞬态信息一节。
Do not render ...
不渲染..。
Optionally, do not render files that appear to be silent.
(可选)不渲染显示为静默的文件。
Add rendered items to new tracks...
添加渲染的对象到新轨道上
If enabled, this option causes your rendered file(s) to be added to the project as new tracks.
如果启用此选项,则会将渲染的文件作为新轨道添加到工程中。
Save copy of project to outfile.wav.RPP
保存工程副本到outfile.wave.RPP
Tells REAPER to make a time and date stamped copy of your project file, preserving all settings exactly as they are at the time of rendering.
告诉REAPER为工程文件创建一个带有时间和日期戳的副本,将所有设置完全保留为渲染时的设置。
Save outfile stats
保存outfile统计信息
Creates html file with separate stats for each rendered file.
为每个渲染文件创建具有单独统计信息的html文件。
Queued renders
排队渲染
Add to or open render queue for rendering.
添加到渲染队列或打开渲染队列进行渲染。
Render x files or Dry Run (see screenshot below)
“渲染x个文件”或“预演”(见下面的截图)
Choose render to render one or more files, according to your options. Choose dry run to “test” render without actually rendering any files.
根据选项选择“渲染”以渲染一个或多个文件。选择“预演”以“测试”渲染,而不实际渲染任何文件。
Values (as appropriate) for Norm, Peak, Clip, RMS, Lrange and LUFS are displayed as the file is rendered. Click Info button for further analysis.
渲染文件时,将显示标准、峰值、削波、RMS、Lrange和LUFS的值(根据需要)。单击“信息”按钮进行进一步分析。
Delay queued render to allow samples to load
延迟队列渲染以允许加载采样
Resolves problems that can be caused when samples (especially large samples) need to be loaded before rendering.
解决在渲染前需要加载采样(尤其是大型采样)时可能导致的问题。
Save settings
保存设置
Saves the render settings without rendering any files.
保存渲染设置而不渲染任何文件。
Note: Online vs Offline rendering: some plug-ins might perform and sound differently if rendered offline.
注: 在线渲染与离线渲染: 请注意,如果离线渲染,某些插件的性能和声音可能会有所不同。
Render/dry run rwindow
渲染/预演窗口
Note that this window can be resized as you wish.
请注意,可以根据需要调整此窗口的大小。
Information (including % complete) is displayed in real time. Whether dry rendering or rendering to a file, click on the Stats/Charts button to:
实时显示信息(包括完成百分比)。无论是预演还是渲染到文件,都可以单击“统计信息”按钮来:
- Calculate and display True Peak, LUIFS-I, LUFS-M, LRA, LUFS-S and/or RMS-1.
-计算并显示真实峰值、LUIFS-I、LUFS-M、LRA、LUFS-S和/或RMS-1。
- Jump to the first clip position in project.
-跳转到工程中的第一个削波位置。
- Jump to loudest sample.
-跳转到声音最大的采样点。
- Display render statistics information
-显示渲染统计信息
Other options are Open statistics charts in web browser, (with or without hide file paths) and to Jump to the loudest sample position in project.
其他选项包括“在web浏览器中打开渲染统计信息(有或没有影藏文件路径)”,以及“跳转到工程中声音最大的采样点位置”。
This display will include a detailed graph of render statistics, including loudness values. This is the case after both a dry run and an actual rendering. When you are rendering to a file, the information displayed in this window is similar. In addition, there are options to Close the render window or Return to render setup. Three additional buttons are displayed, to Launch the file, Open the folder, or to open and display the file in the Media Explorer.
该显示将包括渲染统计信息的详细图表,包括响度值。这种情况发生在预演和实际渲染之后。渲染到文件时,此窗口中显示的信息类似。此外,还有“关闭渲染窗口”或“返回渲染设置”的选项。将显示另外三个按钮,用于启动文件、打开文件夹或在媒体资源管理器中打开并显示文件。 作者: 琴韵晓波 时间: 2021-7-5 10:17
21.3.1 Render to File: Source Options
21.3.1 渲染到文件:来源选项
The table below summarizes the various rendering source options discussed in this chapter:
下表总结了本章中讨论的各种渲染“来源”选项:
This option ... Causes this to be rendered ...
此选项... 得到此渲染结果...
Master mix
主控混音
Sends the output of the master track to a single file: includes master track settings (volume, pan, mute, FX, sends. etc.) and automation.
将主控轨的输出发送到同一个单文件:包括主控轨设置(推子、声像、静音、FX、发送等)和自动化。
Stems (selected tracks)
分轨(选中的轨道)
Outputs to a separate file for each track selected, post FX, post-fader and post-pan. Includes input from any tracks routed to that track (with faders/pans applied) but ignores any sends from that track (e.g. to busses).
每个选中的轨道输出到其各自对应的独立文件,FX后、推子后和声像后。包括来自路由到该轨道的所有轨道的输入(带推子/声像的应用),但忽略来自该轨道的任何发送(例如,到总线)。
Master mix + stems
主控混音+分轨
Outputs master to a single file, plus a separate file for each track selected: effectively selects both the options Master mix and Stems (selected tracks).
将主控输出到同一个单文件,外加为选中的每条轨道各自添加一个对应的独立文件: 相当于同时选择了“主控混音”和“分轨(选中的轨道)”这两个选项。
Selected tracks via master
通过主控选中的轨道
Starts with same output as stems, but if in folder it passes thru folder (with folder FX but without its other media). Includes any sends to other tracks (with those tracks’ FX but without their media) before passing to the master FX/fader.
开始时的输出与“分轨”相同,但如果在文件夹中,则通过文件夹(带有文件夹fx,但不带其他媒体)。包括在传递到主控FX/推子之前发送到其他轨道的任何内容(带有这些轨道的FX,但不带它们的媒体)。
Region render matrix
区间渲染矩阵
See dedicated section Rendering Regions.
请参见渲染区间一节。
Selected media items
选中的媒体对象
Outputs one file for each media item selected. Includes track and item FX and faders but ignores sends from and receives to that track.
为每个选中的媒体对象输出一个文件。包括轨道和对象FX,以及推子,但忽略该轨道的发送和接收。
Selected media items via master
通过主控选中的媒体对象
Outputs in a similar way to Selected tracks via master, but with one file per item selected instead of one file per track.
输出方式与“通过主控选中的轨道”类似,但每个选中的对象一个文件,而不是每条轨道一个文件。
Tip: If you simply want to create one separate file for each track in the project (or for selected tracks only) without FX, panning, faders etc. included, rather than using File, Render, consider using the File, Consolidate/Export tracks… command.
提示: 如果您只想为工程中的每个轨道(或仅为选中的轨道)创建一个单独的文件,而不包括FX、声像、推子等,不是使用“文件”--“渲染”,请考虑使用“文件”--“合并/导出轨道...”命令。 作者: 琴韵晓波 时间: 2022-3-16 17:58
21.3.2 Project Rendering Examples
21.3.2 工程渲染示例
Example Specification
示例 说明
DVD Audio
DVD音频
Sample at 48000 HZ, Channels: Stereo, Higher Quality. Output: WAV format, 24 bit
采样率: 48000Hz,通道: 双通道,更高质量的输出格式: wav格式,24位。
CD Audio
CD音频
Sample at 44100 HZ, Channels: Stereo, Higher Quality. Output: WAV format, 16-bit Apple Mac AIFF Format. Preferred settings will vary with individual circumstances.
采样率: 44100Hz,通道: 双通道,较高质量的输出格式: wav格式,16位。苹果Mac AIFF格式。首选设置将因具体情况而异。
Web Site / Web Audio
网站/网络音频
Sample Rate 44100 HZ, Channels: Stereo, Higher Quality. Output format: MP3
采样率: 44100Hz,通道: 双通道,较高质量的输出格式: MP3。
Other options trade off files size and download time against audio quality, but a typical selection might be CBR (Constant Bit Rate) 96 or 128, Joint Stereo, Quality High
其他选项,在文件大小和下载时间与音频质量之间进行权衡,但典型的选择可能是CBR(恒定比特率)96或128、联合立体声、高质量。
Audio CD Image (Cue/Bin) format
音频CD映像(Cue/Bin)格式
Specifications as for CD Audio. Burns output directly to CD, or creates image file to use with CD burning software. You can use markers or regions to define tracks, including using as track markers only markers whose name begins with "#".See section 21.9.
CD音频的规格。将输出直接刻录到CD,或创建与CD刻录软件一起使用的映像文件。可以使用标记或区间来定义音轨,包括仅将名称以“#”开头的标记用作音轨标记。请参见第21.9节。
Multichannel Tracks
多通道轨道
We look at channel splitting and creating multichannel tracks in detail elsewhere in this User Guide, especially in Chapter 17. Tracks can be exported in multichannel format and used by another program. Select the tracks in the track control panel, then open the Render to file dialog box and include these options:
我们在本用户指南的其他章节详细介绍了通道分裂和创建多通道轨道,特别是在第17章。轨道可以以多通道格式导出,并由另一个程序使用。在轨道控制面板中选择轨道,然后打开渲染到文件对话框并包含以下选项:
Channels - Select the number of channels, e.g. 4
通道——选择通道数,例如4个
Select Render stems (selected tracks) to similarly named files.
选择“渲染分轨(选中的轨道)到命名相似的文件”。
Select Render multichannel tracks to multichannel files.
选择“渲染多通道轨道到多通道文件”。
Optionally, Add items to new tracks in project when finished.
(可选)添加完成后的对象到工程的新轨道上。
The Action List includes many actions relevant to file rendering, including:
“操作列表”包括许多与文件渲染相关的操作,包括:
File: Render project using the most recent render settings with the additional options to also autoclose render dialog when finished or with a new target file
文件: 使用最新的渲染设置渲染工程,并在完成时将其他选项添加到“关闭渲染”对话框或使用新的目标文件
File: Add project to render queue using most recent render settings
文件: 使用最新的渲染设置将工程添加到渲染队列
File: Save project and render RPP-PROX
文件: 保存工程并渲染RPP-PROX
File: Show project render metadata window
文件: 显示工程渲染元数据窗口 作者: 琴韵晓波 时间: 2022-3-16 17:59 点此转到本章目录点此转到总目录——【本文译者：王晓波，出处：视障者音乐制作交流基地】点此转到REAPER+SWS+OSARA中文语言包下载页面