7.39 频谱图视图和光谱编辑——REAPER用户手册中文版

琴韵晓波

楼主 琴韵晓波说：
7.39 Spectrogram View and Spectral Editing
7.39 频谱图视图和光谱编辑

Spectrogram view shows you a visual representation of all of an item's sound frequencies as they vary through time, that is, throughout the length (or duration) of that media item. The most obvious difference between this and spectral peaks is that the latter displays only the dominant frequency as that changes through time.
频谱图视图为您显示,对象随时间变化的全部声音频率的直观表示,他贯穿该媒体对象的整个长度(或持续时间)。频谱图和光谱峰值之间最明显的区别是,光谱峰值只显示主要频率,因为它随着时间的推移而变化。
Spectrogram view can be turned on globally either by choosing Show spectrogram from the Options, Peaks display mode menu, or by selecting Spectrogram from the Peaks Display Settings window.
通过从“选项”、“峰值显示模式”菜单中选择“显示频谱图”,或从“峰值显示设置”窗口中选择“频谱图”,可以全局打开频谱图视图。
Using this global option can, however, be resource intensive. You might wish to consider leaving this off, instead turning the option on only for media items as required, by choosing Spectral edits, Show spectrogram from the media item's right-click context menu.
但是,使用此全局选项可能会占用大量资源。您可能希望考虑关闭此选项,而只根据需要打开媒体对象的选项,方法是,从媒体对象的右键单击上下文菜单中选择“光谱编辑”、“显示频谱图”。
Spectral editing allows you to make edits to selected frequencies within an item, for example to remove breathing sounds or sibilance, whilst leaving other frequencies intact. Shortly, we'll look an example of how this can work in practise: first, a summary of its basics.
光谱编辑允许您对对象中选中的频率进行编辑,例如删除呼吸声或嘶嘶声,同时保持其他频率不变。简而言之,我们将看一个在实践中如何工作的例子: 首先,总结一下它的基本知识。
Defining an area within a media item for spectral editing.
在媒体对象内定义一个区域以进行光谱编辑。
Make a time selection in the usual way, then right click on the item and from the menu choose Spectral edits, Add spectral edits to item. A box will be drawn around the selected area of the item, as shown on the right.
以常规方式构建时间选区,然后右键单击该对象,然后从菜单中选择“光谱编辑”、“添加光谱编辑到对象”。这将在对象的选中区域周围绘制一个方框,如右侧所示。
Click on the edge of a spectral edit item (or on the shaded bar that runs left to right across its center) to make its rotary controls visible. Drag the edges of the box left or right to increase or decrease the time selection. Drag up or down from the top or bottom to increase or decrease the frequency range. This can be done from the sides or the corners. An example of this is shown above left.
单击光谱编辑对象的边缘(或从左至右穿过其中心的阴影条),以使其旋转式控件可见。向左或向右拖动长方体的边缘以扩大或缩小时间选区。从顶部或底部向上或向下拖动可扩大或缩小频率范围。这可以从侧面或角落完成。这方面的一个例子如左上角所示。
Holding down Ctrl over any part of an edit item's top or bottom edge changes the mouse cursor into a pencil. You can then make freehand changes to the item area by clicking and dragging. An example of this is shown on the right.
在编辑对象的上边缘或下边缘的任何部分上按住Ctrl键可以将鼠标光标更改为铅笔。然后,可以通过单击并拖动对对象区域进行徒手更改。右侧显示了一个示例。
Holding Alt over any part of an item's edge changes the mouse cursor to an X. You can use this (by dragging) to remove any freehand drawn edges, replacing them automatically with a straight line (or lines). Drag from the center of the item in any direction to move the selected area up or down (change frequency range) and/or left or right (change time selection).
在对象边缘的任何部分按住Alt键会将鼠标光标更改为X。可以使用此选项(通过拖动)删除任何徒手绘制的边缘,并将其自动替换为一条或多条直线。从对象中心向任意方向拖动,以向上或向下(更改频率范围),向左或向右(更改时间选区)移动选中区域。
Let's now look at the eight rotary controls that operate on the selected area, located around the box. Moving clockwise from the 12 o'clock position, these are:
现在让我们看一下,位于框周围选中区域内,操作的这八个旋转式控件。从12点钟位置顺时针移动,这些是:
High frequency fade: fades up or down the high frequencies. Works in conjunction with the Spectral region gain knob.
高频衰减: 向上或向下调整高频范围。与光谱区间增益旋钮配合使用。
Spectral region gain: fades up or down the gain level for the selected region.
光谱区间增益: 向上或向下调整选中区间的增益电平。
The next two knobs together act as a compressor on the selected area: threshold (left) and ratio (right) Moving threshold down to the left of the 12 o'clock position changes it into an expander.
接下来的两个旋钮,一起充当选中区域的压缩器:阈值(左)和压缩比(右),将阈值向下移动到12点钟位置的左侧,将其更改为扩展器。
The next two knobs act as a gate on the selected area: threshold (left) and floor (right).
接下来的两个旋钮,在选中区域上充当门限:阈值(左)和基底(右)。
Below that, the Spectral region fade out knob lets you control the rate at which the spectral edit item settings are faded out.
在此下方,光谱区间淡出旋钮,允许您控制光谱编辑对象设置淡出的速率。
The knob at the bottom controls the Low frequency Fade, and the knob at 9 o'clock the rate of fade in for the spectral edit item settings.
底部的旋钮控制低频淡入,9点钟位置的旋钮控制光谱编辑对象设置的淡入速率。
All buttons: Right-click over any button (or on the center bar) for a menu of options (below right) which include
全部按钮:在任何按钮(或中心栏)上单击鼠标右键可显示选项菜单(右下角),其中包括
Delete spectral edit (removes the spectral edit box, does not delete the media)
删除光谱编辑(删除光谱编辑框,不删除媒体)
Bypass spectral edit and Solo spectral edit (for comparison purposes).
旁通光谱编辑和独奏光谱编辑(用于比较目的)。
There is also a submenu to select FFT size.
还有一个用于选择FFT大小的子菜单。
There is also an option in the Peak Display Settings to view both the peaks and the spectrogram, in parallel.
峰值显示设置中也有一个选项,可以同时查看峰值和频谱图。
Note: If you find the number of controls and options intimidating, don't worry. Not every job requires all of these controls to be employed. Start simple!
注: 如果您发现控件和选项的数量令人望而生畏,请不要担心。并不是每个工作都需要使用所有这些控件。从简单开始!
Example
示例
This picture (left) shows the vocal at the end of a line that ends with a “T” sound. The rightmost small shaded area represents an unpleasant “TT” where the singer has not let go of the word.
这张图片(左图)显示了以“T”音结尾的一条人声线。最右边的小阴影区域代表一个令人不快的“TT”,歌手没有放开这个词。
If we mute or remove the whole area, we will create a hole. The trick is to find and remove only the unwanted part.
如果我们将整个区域静音或移除,将产生一个缺口。诀窍是,只找到并删除不需要的部分。
First, add a spectral edit to the problem area. Now adjust area and lower gain until it sounds right. Introduce fades to both time and frequency selections.
首先,在问题区域添加光谱编辑。现在调整区域并降低增益,直到听起来正确。在时间和频率选择中引入淡变。
Throughout this process, we make use of the Bypass spectral edit and Solo spectral edit options during playback, for comparison purposes.
在整个过程中,为了进行比较,我们在回放期间使用了“旁路光谱编辑”和“独奏光谱编辑”选项。
Stereo and Multichannel Items
立体声和多通道对象
When a spectral edit is added to a stereo or multichannel item separate edit items are added to every channel, each with its own set of controls.
将光谱编辑添加到立体声或多通道对象时,会将单独的编辑对象添加到每个通道,每个通道都有自己的一组控件。
By default, these edit items are linked: any change made to one will be made to all. However, the context menu allows you to select a single channel, thereby leaving only the item on that channel.
默认情况下,这些编辑对象是链接的:对其中一个对象所做的任何更改都将对所有对象进行更改。但是,上下文菜单允许您选择单个通道,从而只保留该通道上的对象。
You can then right-click again (shown right) and copy this item to all or any other channel. Each item can now be independently edited.
然后,您可以再次右键单击(如右图所示),并将此对象复制到全部或任何其他通道。现在,每个对象都可以独立编辑。
Tip: You can Glue items to make your edits permanent and remove the spectral editing box. Glueing creates a new media file but does not remove the original file from your hard drive.
提示: 您可以粘合对象以使您的编辑永久化,并移除光谱编辑框。粘合将创建新的媒体文件,但不会从硬盘中删除原始文件。
Tip: Spectrogram display can be enabled/disabled on a per track basis using the Track performance options, Prevent spectral peaks/spectrograms option on the right-click TCP context menu.
提示: 右键单击TCP,使用上下文菜单中的“轨道性能”选项、“阻止光谱/频谱图”选项,启用/禁用每条轨道的频谱图显示。
Peaks Display Options
峰值显示选项
Several peaks display options can also be found on the Options, Peaks display mode main menu:
在“选项”、“峰值显示模式”主菜单中也可以找到多个峰值显示选项:
Show normal peaks
显示标准峰值
Scale peaks by square root (toggle)
按平方根缩放峰值(切换)
Show spectral peaks
显示光谱峰值
Rectify peaks (shown right)
校正峰值(如右图所示)
Show spectogram
显示频谱图
Peaks display settings (opens window)
峰值显示设置(打开窗口)
Show spectogram and peaks
显示频谱图和峰值
Using Mouse Modifiers to Create Spectral Edits
使用鼠标修改键创建光谱编辑
You can use mouse modifiers (Options, Preferences) to
define either or both of the actions Add spectral edits to one/all channels to the left drag context for either Media item or Media item bottom half.
您可以使用鼠标修改键(选项、首选项)为关联中的“媒体对象或媒体对象下半部分-左键拖拽”指定“添加光谱编辑到通道/添加光谱编辑到全部通道”其中一个或两个操作。
So… if you assign one of these to, say, Shift Alt left drag in the Media item context, you will have a quick way to create spectral edits without first having to go to the media item context menu to turn spectral edits on.
所以...如果你把其中一个分配给,比如,关联中的“媒体对象-左键拖拽”的“Shift+Alt”,您将有一种快速的方法来创建光谱编辑,而无需首先转到媒体对象上下文菜单来打开光谱编辑。
Notes:
注:
1. Spectral display is pre track FX but post take settings. For example, it reflects changes in pitch from the Item Properties dialog box or from a take pitch envelope, but not from a VST plug-in such as ReaPitch.
1.光谱显示为轨道FX前,但也接受设置成之后。例如,它反映对象属性对话框或片段音高包络中的音高更改,而不是ReaPitch等VST插件中的更改。
2. Overlapping spectral edits on the same media item are allowed.
2.允许对同一媒体对象进行重叠的光谱编辑。
3. The action list includes several actions which can be useful when working with spectral peaks or spectrograms displayed. Here are some examples:
3.操作列表包括几个操作,这些操作在处理显示的光谱峰值或频谱图时非常有用。以下是一些例子:
Peaks: Build any missing peaks
波形: 构建任何缺失的波形缓存
Peaks: Rebuild all peaks
波形: 重建全部波形缓存
Peaks: Rebuild peaks for selected items
波形: 重建选中对象的波形缓存
Peaks: Toggle spectral peaks
波形: 切换光谱峰值
Peaks: Toggle spectrogram
波形: 切换频谱图
Peaks: Toggle spectrogram and peaks
波形: 切换频谱图和峰值
Peaks: Rectify peaks
波形: 校正峰值
Peaks: Scale peaks by square root (toggle)
波形: 按平方根缩放峰值(切换)
Track: Prevent spectral peaks/spectrogram
轨道: 阻止光谱峰值/频谱图
Spectrogram: Toggle show spectrogram for selected items
频谱图: 切换选中对象的频谱图显示
Any of these can be assigned to shortcut keys or toolbars if you wish - see Chapter 15.
如果您愿意,可以将其中任何一个分配给快捷键或工具栏-参见第15章。

琴韵晓波

沙发 琴韵晓波说：
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