17.15 MIDI路由和MIDI总线——REAPER用户手册中文版

琴韵晓波

楼主 琴韵晓波说：
17.15 MIDI Routing and MIDI Buses
17.15 MIDI路由和MIDI总线

REAPER's 16 MIDI Buses vastly increase your MIDI routing options. Each bus can carry up to 16 channels, offering you up to 256 virtual MIDI channels in all.
REAPER的16个MIDI总线,极大地增加了可供您选择的MIDI路由选择。每个总线最多可承载16个通道,为您提供最多256个虚拟MIDI通道。
MIDI Buses can be used to to direct MIDI data to specific instruments, e.g. on a single track ReaSynth or ReaSamplomatic. It becomes more useful with multi-timbral software (e.g. Kontakt).
在REAPER中,MIDI总线的主要用途是,将MIDI数据引导到特定的插件乐器。在同一轨道上,该轨道只能是ReaSynth或ReaSples,用于“组合”。与Kontakt等第三方多音色软件配合使用时,它会变得更加有用。
You can also use MIDI buses to send MIDI CC messages, including to specific FX. When you create a MIDI send, as well as the usual channels 1 to 16 you have the option of selecting any of the 16 channels on any of the 16 MIDI buses. In the example shown (above), B4 means use bus 4 on current MIDI channel, 4/2 means Bus 4 channel 2.
您还可以使用MIDI总线发送MIDI CC消息,包括发送到特定的FX。当您创建MIDI发送以及普通的通道1到16时,您可以选择16个MIDI总线上的16个通道中的任何一个。在上面所示的例子中,B4表示在当前MIDI通道上使用总线4,4/2表示总线4通道2。
REAPER’s native MIDI routing capabilities are as powerful and as flexible as its audio routing capabilities. The exact method is different, but the concepts are similar. This is quite a complex topic. Make sure you are familiar with REAPER’s general routing essentials described in this chapter before you attempt it.
REAPER的原生MIDI路由功能与其音频路由功能一样强大和灵活。具体的方法是不同的,但概念是相似的。这是一个相当高级和复杂的话题。在尝试之前,请确保您已熟悉本章所述的REAPER常规路由要领。
REAPER uses MIDI buses to overcome the limitations imposed by the standard of 16 MIDI channels. REAPER’s 16 MIDI buses extend this capability. Each bus can handle up to 16 channels of MIDI data, making available to you 256 virtual MIDI channels in total! If no MIDI Bus is specified, then for plugins the default, Bus 1, is used. Using MIDI buses any track can receive MIDI data from and send MIDI data to as many or as few of these 256 channels as you wish. For example, using MIDI buses you can:
REAPER使用MIDI总线来克服16个MIDI通道标准导致的限制。REAPER的16个MIDI总线扩展了这一功能。每个总线最多可处理16个MIDI数据通道,总共为您提供256个虚拟MIDI通道!如果没有指定MIDI总线,那么对于插件,将使用默认的总线1。使用MIDI总线,任何轨道都可以从这256个通道中接收MIDI数据,并将MIDI数据发送到任意多个或任意少个通道。例如,使用MIDI总线,您可以:
● Host multiple VST instruments on a single track. You can “team” them so they can share the same MIDI data and “split” them so that each receives different MIDI data on its own dedicated MIDI bus, as well as sending MIDI data on any of the MIDI buses to other instruments on that track.
●在单条轨道上托管多台VST乐器。您可以将它们“组合”,以便它们可以共享相同的MIDI数据,并将它们“分裂”,以便每个MIDI在自己的专用MIDI总线上接收不同的MIDI数据,并在任何MIDI总线上将MIDI数据发送到该轨道上的其他乐器。
● Route MIDI Continuous Controller (“CC”) data to specific plug-ins (instruments or FX).
●将MIDI连续控制器(“CC”)数据路由到特定插件(乐器或FX)。
● Have more options for using parameter modulation to allow the MIDI data generated by manipulating one instrument’s controls to also be passed via a MIDI bus to another instrument. This will be explained shortly.
●有更多的选择来使用参数调制,以允许通过操作一个乐器的控制而产生的MIDI数据也可以通过MIDI总线传输到另一个乐器。我们稍后会解释这一点。
When working with plug-ins in an FX chain, MIDI data can be placed on a MIDI Bus in two standard ways:
使用FX链中的插件时,可以通过两种标准方式将MIDI数据放置在MIDI总线上:
1. Using the track’s Routing capabilities: the MIDI data sent can be filtered by MIDI channel or MIDI Bus or both. That filtered MIDI can be sent as filtered or to a selected MIDI Bus or channel or both, or
1.使用轨道的路由功能: 发送的MIDI数据可以按MIDI通道或MIDI总线过滤,也可以同时按MIDI通道或MIDI总线过滤。过滤后的MIDI可以作为过滤后的MIDI发送,或者发送到选中的MIDI总线或通道,或者同时发送到选择的MIDI总线或通道。或者
2. Setting the MIDI Output for a plug-in: the MIDI can be sent to any MIDI Bus (the MIDI channel cannot be specified, that is determined by the plug-in).
2.设置插件的MIDI输出: MIDI可以发送到任何MIDI总线(不能指定MIDI通道,由插件决定)。
Note that only standard MIDI events (that is, those on MIDI Bus 01) can be edited in the MIDI Editor Piano Roll. The MIDI data on the other MIDI Buses is conveyed in MIDI SYSEX messages and is displayed in the SYSEX lane in the MIDI Editor. You could edit those messages in that lane or in the Event List. Keep in mind also that MIDI buses can convey not only CC messages but also notes and other information.
请注意,只有标准MIDI事件(即MIDI总线01上的事件)才能在MIDI编辑器钢琴卷帘中编辑。其他MIDI总线上的MIDI数据在MIDI系统独占消息中传输,并显示在MIDI编辑器的系统独占通道中。您可以在该子轨或事件列表中编辑这些消息。请记住,尽管本例引用了使用MIDI总线来传输CC消息,但音符和其他消息也可以通过使用MIDI总线来传输。
Example 1: Sending and Receiving MIDI Data
示例1: 发送和接收MIDI数据
Let us look at the track send / filtering possibilities first (above right). Here are four sends from track 1:
让我们先看看轨道发送/过滤的可能性(右上)。以下是来自轨道1的四个发送:
1. The Send to track 2 sends all the MIDI data.
1.发送到轨道2,发送所有MIDI数据。
2. The Send to track 3 sends all the MIDI data on MIDI channel 6 only, regardless of the MIDI Bus.
2.发送到轨道3,只在MIDI通道6上发送所有MIDI数据,而不考虑MIDI总线。
3. The Send to track 4 sends all the MIDI data on MIDI Bus 2 only, regardless of the MIDI channel.
3.发送到轨道4,只在MIDI总线2上发送所有MIDI数据,而不考虑MIDI通道。
4. The Send to track 2 sends all the MIDI data on MIDI channel 4 on MIDI Bus 3 only.
4.发送到轨道2,仅在MIDI总线3上发送MIDI通道4上的所有MIDI数据。
And now, the receives. Here are four receives on track 15:
现在,来看接收。以下是轨道15上的四个接收:
1. The Receive from track 11 receives all MIDI data, MIDI Buses and channels are unchanged.
1.接收轨道11的所有MIDI数据,MIDI总线和通道保持不变。
2. The Receive from track 12 receives all MIDI data and changes MIDI channel to 8, MIDI Buses unchanged.
2.接收轨道12的所有MIDI数据,并将MIDI通道改为8,MIDI总线保持不变。
3. The Receive from track 13 receives all MIDI data, placing it on MIDI Bus 3, MIDI channels are unchanged.
3.接收轨道13的所有MIDI数据,分配到MIDI总线3,MIDI通道不变。
4. The Receive from track 14 receives all the MIDI data, changes the channel to 6 and places it on MIDI Bus 5.
4.接收轨道14的所有MIDI数据,将MIDI通道改为6,分配到MIDI总线5。
As you can see, Reaper offers a powerful mechanism for filtering MIDI events and rerouting that filtered MIDI.
正如您所看到的,Reaper提供了一种强大的机制来过滤MIDI事件并重新路由过滤后的MIDI。
Example 2: Teaming Multiple Instances of ReaSynth The Model
示例2:组合ReaSynth模型的多个实例
This will show you how to team a number of instruments together in a single track so that they work together to produce your music. For the sake of simplicity we will use just two instances of ReaSynth, but we could choose to use more if we wished. This is best understood by working thru a relatively simple example.
这将向您展示如何将多个乐器组合在一条轨道中,以便它们一起工作来制作您的音乐。为了简单起见,我们将只使用两个ReaSynth实例,但如果愿意,我们可以选择使用更多实例。通过一个相对简单的例子可以更好地理解这一点。
Using MIDI buses, we can route the four MIDI tracks shown here (each with data on a different channel) to a single audio track which will contain our two VST instruments and several VST audio plug-ins.
使用MIDI总线,我们可以将这里显示的四条MIDI轨道(每条轨道的数据都在不同的通道上)路由到一条轨道,该轨道将包含我们的两个VST乐器和几个VST音频插件。
In this example, each of the instances of ReaSynth uses different parameter settings. We wish to set this up so that the output of tracks 1 and 2 goes to the first synth, and tracks 3 and 4 to the second synth. MIDI buses allow us to do this, and effectively use the two synths almost as if they were a single multitimbral instrument.
在本例中,ReaSynth的每个实例使用不同的参数设置。我们希望对此进行设置,以便轨道1和2的输出进入第一个合成器,而轨道3和4的输出进入第二个合成器。MIDI总线使我们能够做到这一点,并有效地使用这两种合成器,几乎就像它们是一个多音色乐器一样。
The Routing
路由
We start by inserting the two instances of ReaSynth into the FX chain of a new track. We can rename them as ReaSynth 1 and ReaSynth 2.
我们首先将ReaSynth的两个实例插入到新轨道的FX链中。我们可以将它们重命名为ReaSynth 1和ReaSynth 2。
Of course, you can use different instruments if you prefer. We can then open this track’s routing window and create sends/receives along the lines shown here.
当然,如果你愿意,你可以使用不同的乐器。然后,我们可以打开此轨道的路由窗口,并沿着此处所示的线路创建发送/接收。
Different combinations of MIDI data are sent to two MIDI buses - Bus 2 and Bus 3. Each of these buses will be assigned in turn to one of the two synths - Bus 2 to ReaSynth 1, Bus 3 to ReaSynth 2. We could have used whichever buses we liked, although for reasons that we’ll get to later you might wish to avoid Bus 1.
MIDI数据的不同组合被发送到两个MIDI总线——总线2和总线3。这些总线将依次分配给两个合成器中的一个——总线2到ReaSynth 1,总线3到ReaSynth 2。我们可以使用任何我们喜欢的总线,尽管出于稍后我们将介绍的原因,您可能希望避免使用总线1。
1. All the MIDI from track 1 is received on channel 2 on bus 2.
1.轨道1的所有MIDI作为总线2通道2的接收。
2. All the MIDI from track 2 is received on channel 3 on bus 2.
2.轨道2的所有MIDI作为总线2通道3的接收。
3. All the MIDI from track 3 is received on channel 4 on bus 3.
3.轨道3的所有MIDI作为总线3通道4的接收。
4. All the MIDI from track 4 is received on channel 5 on bus 3.
4.轨道4的所有MIDI作为总线3通道5的接收。
We have used different MIDI channels so that the sources can be distinguished, if needed. ReaSynth processes MIDI on any channel. If you were using a multitimbral plug-in, such as Kontakt, SampleTank or Falcon, then the plug-in would receive all the MIDI data on the selected Bus (or that on Bus 1, if none is selected) and the MIDI events on the different channels would drive different instruments / sounds loaded within the plug-in.
我们使用了不同的MIDI通道,以便在需要时可以区分不同的来源。ReaSynth可以在任何通道上处理MIDI。如果您使用的是多音色插件,如Kontakt、SampleTank或Falcon,则该插件将接收所选总线上的所有MIDI数据(如果未选择,则接收总线1上的所有MIDI数据),并且不同通道上的MIDI事件将驱动插件中加载的不同乐器/声音。
Assigning the Buses
分配总线
The next step is to assign a separate bus to each of the synths. First, we can select ReaSynth 1, then right click on the Routing [2 out] button, then select MIDI input, then MIDI Bus 2. We can repeat this process to assign Bus 3 as the input for ReaSynth 2.
下一步是为每个合成器分配单独的总线。首先,我们可以选择ReaSynth 1,然后右击Routing[2出]按钮,然后选择MIDI输入,然后选择MIDI总线2。我们可以重复此过程,将总线3指定为ReaSynth 2的输入。
We can then add whatever audio FX we like to the FX chain - e.g. stereo width and reverb and play back the music, adjusting any of the synth or FX parameters at will. If you wish to use different FX on the audio from each synth you can make the track multi-channel and connect the synths and FX to the appropriate audio channels, as described in channel splitting earlier in this chapter.
然后我们可以添加任何我们喜欢的音频FX到FX链中-例如立体声宽度和混响,并播放音乐,随意调整任何Synth或FX参数。如果您希望对每个合成的音频使用不同的FX,您可以将轨道设置为多声道,并将合成器和FX连接到适当的音频通道,如本章前面的通道分裂中所述。
Example 3: Driving Multitimbral Samplers
示例3: 驱动多音色采样器
We can take the previous example further and replace those instances of ReaSynth with (say) Kontakt and SampleTank respectively. For Kontakt, we could set its MIDI Input Bus to 2 and load two instruments into the rack, set one to MIDI chl 2 and the other to MIDI chl 3. For SampleTank, we could set its MIDI Input Bus to 3 and load two instruments into the instrument slots, set one to MIDI chl 4 and the other to MIDI chl 5.
让我们将前面的示例再深入几步。我们可以分别用Kontakt和SampleTank替换ReaSynth的那些实例。对于Kontakt,我们可以将其MIDI输入总线设置为2,并将两个乐器加载到机架中,一个设置为MIDI通道2,另一个设置为MIDI通道3。对于SampleTank,我们可以将其MIDI输入总线设置为3,并将两个乐器加载到乐器插槽中,一个设置为MIDI通道4,另一个设置为MIDI通道5。
On playback you would hear all 4 different sounds, each driven by its own original source track. And, of course, the combined audio can be further processed with FX. In theory, you could have 16 multitimbral plug-ins, each on a different MIDI Input Bus, and with 16 different sounds loaded in each plug-in. That would provide 256 different sounds, but it would be rather a cacophony.
在回放时,你会听到所有4种不同的声音,每一种都是由它自己的原始轨道驱动的。当然,组合后的音频可以用FX进一步处理。理论上,你可以有16个多音色插件,每个插件在不同的MIDI输入总线上,每个插件加载16种不同的声音。这将提供256种不同的声音,但这将是一个相当不和谐的声音。
Footnote: A huge thank you to Michael Schnell and DarkStar for their inexhaustible patience and invaluable help with the production of this section.
脚注: 非常感谢Michael Schnell和DarkStar在这一部分的制作过程中提供了无穷无尽的耐心和宝贵的帮助。

琴韵晓波

沙发 琴韵晓波说：
点此转到本章目录    点此转到总目录——【本文译者：王晓波，出处：视障者音乐制作交流基地】    点此转到REAPER+SWS+OSARA中文语言包下载页面