17.13 使用ReaSurround和ReaSurroundPan进行环绕声像处理——REAPER用户手册中文版

琴韵晓波

楼主 琴韵晓波说：
17.13 Surround Panning with ReaSurround and ReaSurroundPan
17.13 使用ReaSurround空间定位插件和ReaSurroundPan环绕声像仪进行环绕声像处理
REAPER includes two plug-ins for surround mixing - ReaSurround and the more fully featured ReaSurroundPan. It’s advisable to read thru this entire section before deciding which is most suited to your own needs. Surround sound production is a complex topic. It would be beyond the scope of this User Guide to attempt to cover the principles, theory and practical issues that it involves. Whole books have been written on the subject: you can also consult various web resources, such as “The Recording Academy's Producers and Engineers Wing Recommendations for Surround Sound Production” (available as free PDF download). This section is intended for those who are familiar with the principles of surround mixing and who need to know how to put these into practise within REAPER.
REAPER包括两个环绕混音插件-ReaSurround和功能更齐全的ReaSurroundPan。在决定哪个最适合您自己的需求之前,建议您通读这一节。环绕声制作是一个复杂的话题。试图涵盖它所涉及的原则、理论和实践问题超出了本用户指南的范围。关于这个主题已经写了整本书:你也可以查阅各种网络资源,比如“录音学院关于环绕立体声制作的制作人和工程师翼推荐”(可免费下载PDF格式)。本节适用于熟悉环绕混音原理并需要知道如何在REAPER中实施这些原理的人。
REAPER's surround sound production capabilities can be found in three main areas:
REAPER的环绕声制作能力主要体现在三个方面:
1. Producing music in multichannel format. For how to do this see Chapter 3.
1. 制作多声道格式的音乐。有关如何执行此操作,请参阅第3章。
2. REAPER's channel routing capabilities. Remember that you can use item channel mapping to assign the output of different media items to different channels.
2. REAPER的通道路由功能。请记住,您可以使用对象通道映射,将不同媒体对象的输出,分配给不同的通道。
3. The ReaSurround and ReaSurroundPan are in many respects similar, the most important difference being that ReaSurround is a spatial positioning plug-in, whereas ReaSurroundPan is a multi-channel panner.
3.ReaSurround和ReaSurroundPan在很多方面都很相似,最重要的区别是,ReaSurround是一个空间定位插件,而ReaSurroundPan是一个多通道声像仪插件。
REAPER-specific issues that you need to be aware of for surround sound production are:
对于环绕声制作,您需要注意的REAPER特定问题是:
Configurations
布局
Both plug-ins support several surround sound configurations, such as 5.1, 7.1 and 9.1. Specify your number of input channels and select your required configuration from the drop down list (for ReaSurround, shown here). In addition, ReaSurroundPan also supports surround 7.1.2, 7.1.4 and 3D ITU and Auro options. You can also specify your own custom arrangements, by selecting User Setup (ReaSurround) or Custom Speakers (ReaSurroundPan) from the speakers dropdown.
这两个插件都支持多种环绕声布局,如5.1、7.1和9.1。指定输入通道的数量,并从下拉列表中选择所需的布局(对于ReaSurround,如图所示)。此外,ReaSurroundPan还支持环绕7.1.2、7.1.4以及3D ITU和Auro选项。您还可以通过从“Speakers(扬声器)”下拉列表中,选择用户设置(ReaSurround),或自定义扬声器(ReaSurroundPan),来指定您自己的自定义排列。
Recording
录音
Record each track using the settings most suitable for that track. For example, for a lead vocal you might use a two channel track with a single mono input (one mic). For a piano, you might record in stereo with two mics. For ambient sounds you might prefer a four channel track with four mic inputs.
使用最适合该轨道的设置,录制每条轨道。例如,对于主唱,您可能使用具有单独一个单通道输入(一支麦克风)的双通道轨道。对于一架钢琴,你可以用两支麦克风进行立体声录音。对于环境声音,您可能更喜欢使用四支麦克风输入的四通道轨道。
ReaSurround
ReaSurround空间定位插件
Routing
路由
ReaSurround, like any other plug-in, can be inserted into a track's FX chain from the FX Browser. REAPER then offers you various routing options. For example, you can insert ReaSurround into each track individually, with each one directly routed to the master. Another option is to create sends from all tracks to a single surround mixing bus and use a single instance of ReaSurround there, disabling direct sends from individual tracks to the Master. In some respects, the former method might give you greater flexibility and more control but there are other advantages in folding down multichannel audio to fewer channels.
与任何其他插件一样,ReaSurround可以从FX浏览器插入到轨道的FX链中。然后,REAPER为您提供各种路由选项。例如,您可以将ReaSurround单独插入到每条轨道,每条轨道直接路由到主控。另一种选择是,创建从所有轨道到同一个环绕混合总线的发送,并在那里使用一个ReaSurround实例,禁用从各条轨道到主控的直接发送。在某些方面,前一种方法可能会给你更大的灵活性和更多的控制权,但将多声道音频压缩到更少的通道还有其他优势。
You will also need to set up the necessary routing for your master outputs to ensure the correct signal flow from your master to your surround speakers. Channel input pucks can be positioned by clicking and dragging them across the display. See also tips below. In addition, there are two further sets of controls in the ReaSurround window.
您还需要为主控输出设置必要的路由,以确保从主控输出到环绕扬声器的正确信号流。可以通过在显示屏上,单击并拖动通道输入puck来定位它们。另请参阅下面的提示。此外,ReaSurround窗口中还有两组控件。
The three Edit drop down lists and their accompanying rotaries can be used as controls with any three of the available items shown (below). These vary according to the selected format. For example, for 5.1 they are:
三个“编辑”下拉列表及其随附的旋转列表可用作显示的任何三个可用项目的控件(如下所示)。这些因所选格式而异。例如,对于 5.1,它们是:
Left/Right Front left/Back right Diffusion bias To front center
“左/右”、“左前/右后”、“扩散偏向”、“到前中置”,
Back/Front Expand/Contract Diffusion rota To back left
“后/前”、“扩展/收缩”、“扩散旋转”、“到左后”,
Low/High Rotate To front left To back right
“低/高”、“旋转”、“到左前”、“到右后”,
Back left/Front right Diffusion level To front right
“左后/右前”、“扩散级别”、“到右前”,
These are explained in more detail in the section ReaSurroundPan.
这些在ReaSurroundPan一节有更详细的解释。
Tips for managing inputs
管理输入的提示
As a rough guide, when mixing in 5.1 or 7.1 you can create individual stems or submixes of dialog, music and sound effects, then start according to these guidelines:
作为一个粗略的指南,当混合5.1或7.1版本时,您可以创建单独的对话、音乐和音效的分轨或次级混音,然后根据以下指南开始:
Dialog: 100% center
“Dialog(对话)”: 100%居中
Foley effects: Front L/R panned to phantom center
“Foley effects(音响效果)”: 左前/右前平移到虚位中心
Hard effects: 100% front L/R plus 50% LFE
“Hard effects(硬效果)”: 100%左前/右前加50%LFE
Backgrounds/Ambience: 50% front L/R, 50% sides/rear
“Backgrounds/Ambience(背景/环境)”: 50%左前/右前,50%侧/后
Music: 75% front L/R, 25% sides/rear
“Music(音乐)”: 75%左前/右前,25%侧/后
Speaker influence can be set to Relative or Absolute. For example, if set to absolute, you should be able to position a sound between (say) left front and center speakers without any sound leaking to the right.
“Speaker influence(扬声器影响)”,可以设为“Relative(相对)”或“Absolute(绝对)”。例如,如果设置为绝对,您应该能够将声音放置在左、前、中扬声器之间,而不会向右泄漏任何声音。
The three horizontal Space size faders can be used to adjust the three dimensions of the surround environment, width, depth and height, with the fourth fader acting as a zoom control.
三个水平空间大小推子,可用于调整环绕环境的三个维度,宽度、深度和高度,第四个推子,用作缩放控件。
The various Inputs and Outputs controls can be used to mute, solo and or adjust the levels for Gain or Low Frequency Effects (inputs) or Gain or Influence (Outputs).
各种输入和输出控件可用于静音、独奏,以及调整“Gain(增益)”或“LowFrequency Effects(低频效果)”(输入)的电平,或“Gain(增益)”或“Influence(影响)”(输出)的电平。
When adjusting controls, holding Shift will make the control respond more swiftly: holding Control will slow it down. Double-clicking a control returns it to its default setting.
调整控件时,按住Shift将使控件响应更快:按住Ctrl将使其变慢。双击控件可将其恢复为默认设置。
You can select two or more input “pucks” (control click or marquee to make selection) and move them together. Clicking the R button for any input(s) will cause it to mirror (reverse) the movement of the other input(s) in the selection. Holding Control while dragging will temporarily disable the mirroring.
您可以选择两个或多个输入“puck”(按住Ctrl单击,或用选框构建选择),然后将它们一起移动。单击任何输入的R按钮,将使其“镜像”(反转)选择中的其他输入的移动。拖动时按住Ctrl将暂时禁用镜像。
Invert can be used to move the left/right rotate positioning of a puck to its mirror image.
“Invert(倒置)”,可用于将一个puck的左/右旋转位置移动到其镜像。
Lock, as its name implies, locks pucks into their current position to prevent accidental movement.
“Lock(锁定)”,顾名思义,就是把puck锁定在当前位置,以防止意外移动。
Other controls are summarized below.
其他控制概述如下。
In the example shown above, the Surround Panner has been inserted into a “normal” two channel track with a mono recorded media item. The Surround Panner therefore finds - and displays - only two inputs this time. Because 5.1 surround has been selected as the surround mode, even though the input is in mono, it can nevertheless be directed to any or all of the six outputs shown. You also have an additional option to Normalize multichannel gain. See also Chapter 21, Surround Rendering.
在上面所示的例子中,环绕声像仪已经被插入到带有单声道录音媒体对象的“普通”双声道轨道中。因此,环绕声像仪这次只找到并显示两个输入。因为已选择5.1环绕作为环绕模式,所以即使输入为单声道,它仍然可以指向所示的六个输出中的任何一个或全部。您还可以选择“Normalize multichannel gain(标准化多通道增益)”。另请参阅第21章,环绕渲染。
Additional ReaSurround Controls
其他ReaSurround控件
Influence: each speaker has an influence area: when an input puck (the numbered circles representing the input channels) is within a speaker's influence area, then that channel is heard through that speaker.
“Influence(影响)”: 每个扬声器都有一个影响区域:当输入puck(代表输入声道的编号圆圈)在扬声器的影响区域内时,该声道就会通过该扬声器听到。
Diffusion: each input has a diffusion level: when diffusion is greater, the input puck is effectively "larger" and therefore overlaps with the influence area of more speakers, so it is heard through more speakers. For example, with a simple stereo setup, an input that is panned hard right is only heard through the right speaker because it's only within the right speaker's influence area and not within the left speaker's influence area. If the diffusion of that input is increased it will eventually also enter the left speaker's influence area
“Diffusion(扩散)”: 每个输入都有一个扩散级别:当扩散较大时,输入puck实际上“更大”,因此与更多扬声器的影响区域重叠,所以可以通过更多扬声器听到。例如,使用简单的立体声设置,硬向右声像的输入只能通过右扬声器听到,因为它只在右扬声器的影响区域内,而不在左扬声器的影响区域内。如果该输入的扩散增加,它最终也会进入左扬声器的影响区域
LFE: this represents a low frequency effects channel, a non-directional output channel like a subwoofer. The LFE speaker is not displayed as a puck, but you can mix inputs into the LFE output via the input sliders.
LFE: 这代表低频效果通道,非定向输出通道,如低音炮。LFE扬声器不显示为puck,但您可以通过输入滑块将输入混合到LFE输出。
ReaSurroundPan
ReaSurroundPan环绕声像仪
ReaSurroundPan gives you more mixing options than does ReaSurround. It is an ideal tool to use, for example, when mixing sound for games or movie soundtracks. It supports most if not all commonly recognised formats (see illustration, right).
与ReaSurround相比,ReaSurroundPan为您提供了更多的混音选项。例如,当您为游戏或电影配乐混音时,它是一个理想的工具。它支持大多数(如果不是全部)公认的格式(见右图)。
Its basic controls are much the same as you’ll find in ReaSurround. For example, you select your required format from the drop down and then specify the number of input channels.
它的基本控件与您在ReaSurround中找到的控件基本相同。例如,您可以从下拉列表中选择所需的格式,然后指定输入通道的数量。
The mixing window
混合窗口
The mixing window displays a different colored puck for each channel. The color coding used is indicated in the Inputs section (bottom left of window). The number of pucks shown will be determined by the number of channels that you specify in the Input channels box. Any of the small box diagrams just below the mixing window can be selected to change your view of the sound field and the positioning of the various channel pucks within it - for example, from the front, from the side or from the top. The first of these is the default, which shows the mix from above. The second offers a choice of two dimensional view, the third three dimensional views, again from the front, the side or from above.
混合窗口为每个通道显示不同颜色的puck。使用的颜色编码显示在输入部分(窗口左下角)。显示的puck数,将由您在输入通道框中指定的通道数决定。可以选择混合窗口正下方的任何小方框图来更改声场视图以及其中各种通道puck的位置——例如,从前面、从侧面或从顶部。其中第一个是默认值,它显示从上面开始的混合。第二个提供二维视图的选择,第三个三维视图,同样是从前面、侧面或从上方。
Moving the pucks
移动puck
Click on any puck to select it. You can marquee (right click drag) to select a number of pucks, or use control click to build a selection. To move your selection, drag any item within it in one of the mixing window displays, or use any of the three rotary controls, which by default are set to left/right, rear/front and low/high. The reset buttons restore selected pucks to their original position in that plane. Note that a LFE channel would not normally be panned because the wavelength is so long that it is difficult for the human ear to discern which direction it is coming from.
单击任一puck,将其选中。您可以用选框(右键单击拖动)以选择多个puck,或使用按住Ctrl+单击来构建选择。要移动您的选择,请在其中一个混合窗口显示中拖动其中的任何项目,或使用三个旋钮控件中的任何一个,这三个旋钮控件默认设置为左/右、后/前和低/高。“reset(重置)”按钮,可将选中的puck恢复到其在该平面中的原始位置。请注意,LFE通道通常不会进行声像处理,因为波长太长,人耳很难辨别它来自哪个方向。
Individual pucks can also be moved by selecting the channel from the dropdown and typing in XYZ co-ordinates. X represents left/right, Y front/back and Z low/high. The range for both X and Y is -100 to +100, and for Z 0 to +100.
也可以通过从下拉菜单中选择通道并键入XYZ坐标来移动单个puck。X代表左/右,Y代表前/后,Z代表低/高。X和Y的范围都在“-100到+100之间”,Z的是“0到+100之间”。
These settings become especially interesting when we look at flipping (below).
当我们查看翻转(如下)时,这些设置变得特别有趣。
Restricting Puck Movement
限制puck移动
As with ReaSurround, the function any of the three dropdowns that control the rotary controls can be changed by making a different selection from its dropdown list. For example, by selecting rotation for one of the dropdowns you could ensure that that control could be used to cause the selected puck or pucks to be rotated - see options list on the right.
与ReaSurround一样,控制旋钮控件的三个下拉列表中的任何一个都可以通过从其下拉列表中进行不同的选择来更改。例如,通过选择其中一个下拉菜单的旋钮,您可以确保该控件可用于,使选中的一个或多个puck旋转。这些选项的完整列表显示在右侧。
Edit Option Controls
编辑选项控件
These are reasonably self-explanatory. The radio buttons offer you the choice at any time of moving all pucks by moving any one, or moving only those you have selected. Enabling Lock prevents any puck from being moved, and the 1D edit option can be used to restrict movement to a single plane.
这些都是不言自明的。单选按钮,让您可以随时选择通过移动任何一个来移动所有puck,或者只移动您选中的那些puck。启用“Lock”,可防止移动任何puck,1D编辑选项可用于将移动限制在单个平面上。
XYZ Flipping
XYZ翻转
This feature is enabled or disabled according to your Respect XYZ flip setting. It allows you to mirror movements for whichever inputs you are moving. For example, if you first select two channels and then enable X flipping, you can drag one so that they move further apart from each other, or closer together.
根据您的考虑启用或禁用此XYZ翻转设置功能。它允许您为正在移动的任何输入镜像移动。例如,如果您先选择两个通道,然后启用X翻转,则可以拖动一个通道,使它们彼此远离或靠近。
The XYZ Angles
XYZ角度
The XYZ, XY°, and Z° edit boxes allow you to enter an exact position for any input puck, either as cartesian or spherical coordinates.
使用XYZ、X°、Y°和Z°编辑框,可以输入任何输入puck的准确位置,可以是笛卡尔坐标或球面坐标。
The Center and Side faders can be used to attenuate speakers that are closer to the center front/center rear, or side left/side right. This enables you to create the effect of width without needing to move any of the input pucks. If either or both of these is disabled, it means that this feature is not possible with your selected format. For example, 5.1 surround does not support side speakers.
“Center(中心)”和“Side(两侧)”推子,可用于衰减靠近中前/中后或左侧/右侧的扬声器。这使您无需移动任何输入puck即可创建宽度效果。如果禁用了其中一个或两个,则说明您选择的格式无法使用此功能。例如,5.1环绕不支持侧面扬声器。
Channel Input Faders
通道输入推子
Each of these multi-function faders has four states - Gain, LFE, Divergence and Delay. You can select any of these functions from the drop down box (which defaults to Gain).
这些多功能推子中的每一个,都有四种状态——Gain、LFE、Divergence和Delay。您可以从下拉框中选择任何这些功能(默认为Gain)。
LFE can be used to send input from that speaker to the LFE. Divergence can be used, for example, to send a sound to the left and right so that it comes from the center but appears to be from a wider source. Delay can be used to add the Haas effect to a channel.
“LFE”可用于将来自扬声器输入发送到LFE。例如,“Divergence”可以用来向左和向右发出声音,这样它就从中心发出,但看起来似乎来自更广泛的来源。“Delay”可用于向通道添加Haas(哈斯)效果。
Speaker Output Faders
扬声器输出推子
The same drop down can also be used to select a required function for the dual function Speakers (output) faders. The two options are Gain and Influence.
同样的下拉菜单也可用于为双功能扬声器(输出)推子选择所需的功能。这两个选项是“Gain(增益)”和“Influence(影响)”。
Automation
自动化
Any parameter control can be automated to be applied during audio playback. To select a parameter for automation, click on the Param button (top right), then choose FX parameter list, then Show track envelope, then select the required parameter. Also, parameter modulation can be used to link parameters so that one effectively controls the other.
在音频播放期间可以自动应用任何参数控制。要为自动化选择参数,请单击参数按钮(右上角),然后选择FX参数列表,然后选择“显示轨道包络”,然后选择所需的参数。此外,参数调制可用于链接参数,使得一个参数有效地控制另一个参数。

琴韵晓波

沙发 琴韵晓波说：
点此转到本章目录    点此转到总目录——【本文译者：王晓波，出处：视障者音乐制作交流基地】    点此转到REAPER+SWS+OSARA中文语言包下载页面