18.41 自动化对象——REAPER用户手册中文版

琴韵晓波

楼主 琴韵晓波说：
18.41 Automation Items
18.41 自动化对象

REAPER allows you to define an entire automation envelope or a section of an envelope (including video processor envelopes) as an automation item, and then later apply that automation item to any media item or items in the same or any other project. The concept itself is not complicated, but in practise there are many options and variations in the ways in which you can apply it. Before exploring these, let's start by looking at a practical example, using a low frequency oscillator to shape an envelope.
REAPER允许您,将整个自动化包络或包络的一部分(包括视频处理器包络)定义为自动化对象,然后将该自动化对象应用于同一工程,或任何其他工程中的一个或多个媒体对象。这个概念本身并不复杂,在实践中,你可以选择很多不同的方式来应用它。在探究这些之前,让我们先来看一个实际示例,它使用低频振荡器为包络造型。
Example
示例
This example is designed to introduce you to the basic concept of automation items. You'll find a more comprehensive list of features in the table that follows.
此示例旨在向您介绍自动化对象的基本概念。您将在下表中找到更全面的功能列表。
1. First, we import a sample into a new track. We then extend the looped sample to repeat the pattern (as shown, top right).
1.首先,我们将一个样本导入到新轨道中。然后,我们根据需要扩展循环样本,重复样式(如右上角所示)。
2. To add a low frequency oscillator to this item we first select the item and add a volume envelope.
2.要向该对象添加低频振荡器,我们首先选择该对象并添加音量包络。
3. We then make a time selection to cover the period of the original sample. Next, we right-click over the envelope and choose Automation items then Insert new automation item from the menu. This creates an automation item (with a title bar at the bottom). We right-click over the title bar and choose Properties to open the Properties dialog box. We adjust the parameters as we wish. An example is shown here. This creates points and defines the envelope shape. We close this box when finished.
3.然后我们构建一个时间选区,以覆盖原始样本的时间段。接下来,我们右击包络,并选择“自动化对象”,然后从菜单中选择“插入新自动化对象”。这将创建一个自动化对象(底部有一个标题栏)。在标题栏上单击鼠标右键,选择“属性”以打开属性对话框。我们可以随心所欲地调整参数。此处显示了一个示例。这将创建点,并定义包络的形状。做完后关闭此框。
4. We can position the mouse just inside the item name area's right boundary (at the bottom of the item), then click and drag all the way to the end of the item, as shown below.
4.我们可以将鼠标定位在对象名称区域的右边界内(位于对象的底部),然后单击并拖动到对象的末尾,如下所示。
Our automation item now contains (in this case) four identical segments. Making a change to any one of the segments will automatically make the same changes to the other three segments. These changes could include, for example, edits made manually, or adjustments to the Automation Item Properties, including LFO parameters.
在本例中,我们的自动化对象现在包含四个相同的线段。对这些线段中的任何一个进行更改,将自动导致对其他三个线段也进行相同的更改。例如,这些更改可能包括手动进行的编辑,或对自动化对象属性(包括LFO参数)的调整。
The next couple of pages explain automation items and how to use them in more detail. Keep in mind that when working with automation items normal windows techniques apply - e.g. Click to select, Ctrl Click to build a selection, and Shift Click to select a range of contiguous items.
接下来更详细地解释了自动化对象,以及如何使用它们。请记住,在处理自动化对象时,会应用常规的窗口操作——例如,单击选择、按住Ctrl单击构建选择,以及按住Shift单击选择一系列连续的对象。
Note: Automation items cannot be used with tempo envelopes.
注: 自动化对象不能与速度包络一起使用。
Understanding Low Frequency Oscillation (LFO)
了解低频振荡器(LFO)
LFO is an electronic signal (usually below 20 Hz) that is used to create a rhythmic pulse. It can be used to modulate synthesizers and audio material in the production of electronic music, for example to create effects such as tremolo, phasing and vibrato. LFO controls include:
LFO是一种电子信号(通常低于20赫兹),用于产生有节奏的脉冲。它可以用来调节合成器和电子音乐制作中的音频素材,例如创造出震音、相位变化和颤吟等效果。LFO控制包括:
LFO Shape: None, Sine, Triangle, Saw, Square or Parametric.
LFO形状: 无、正弦波、三角波、锯齿波、方波或参量。
Frequency: the number of times the shape occurs within the item.
频率: 形状在对象中出现的次数。
Baseline: raises or lowers the envelope baseline.
基线: 升高或降低包络基线。
Amplitude: determines the depth of the modulation: the higher the amplitude, the greater the curve.
振幅: 确定调制的深度: 振幅越高,曲线越大。
Skew controls: these vary the intensity of each occurrence within the item.
偏差控件: 这些控件会改变每次在对象上出现的强度。
Working with Automation Items
使用自动化对象
In order to do this... Do this...
为了做到这一点... 这样做...
Create new empty automation item on envelope
在包络上创建新空白自动化对象
Make time selection, right-click within time selection on envelope, choose Automation items, New automation item or Hold Alt while dragging from left to right just below the envelope.
构建时间选区,在时间选区内的包络上单击鼠标右键,选择“自动化对象”、“新建自动化对象”,或按住Alt键,同时在包络下方从左向右拖动。
Create new automation item when writing automation to envelope
将自动化写入包络时创建新自动化对象
Enable the Preferences option (Editing behavior, Automation) to Always create new automation item when writing automation.
在“首选项”(“编辑行为”、“自动化”)中,启用“在写入自动化时,总是创建新自动化对象”的选项
Insert a saved automation item on to an envelope
将保存的自动化对象插入到包络
Position cursor. Right-click on envelope, choose Automation items, Load, then Load... Select item name and click on Open.
定位光标。右键单击包络,选择“自动化对象”、“加载”,然后在“加载...”上选择对象名称,然后单击打开。
Add a LFO to an automation item, and/or change other properties
将LFO添加到自动化对象,和/或更改属性
Double-click on the item's title bar (at bottom of item) to open the Automation Item Properties dialog box. Select LFO shape (parametric, triangle, saw or square) and adjust other parameters as required (see below). Close dialog when finished.
双击对象的标题栏(在对象底部),打开自动化对象属性对话框。选择LFO形状(参量、三角波、锯齿波或方波),并根据需要调整其他参数(见下文)。完成后关闭对话框。
Convert existing envelope into automation item
将现有包络转换为自动化对象
Add points to envelope. Make time selection, right-click on envelope within selection, choose Automation items, New automation item.
将点添加到包络中。构建时间选区,右击选区内的包络,选择“自动化对象”、“新建自动化对象”。
Convert item to ordinary envelope segment
将对象转换为普通包络线段
Right-click on the item's title bar, choose Delete automation item preserve points.
右键单击对象的标题栏,选择“删除自动化对象,保留点”。
Disable envelope outside automation items.
禁用自动化对象以外的包络。
Right-click on envelope, enable the toggle option Disable envelope outside automation items. Also known as “automation items only mode.”
右击包络,启用切换选项“禁用自动化对象以外的包络”。也称为“仅限自动化对象模式”。
Edit automation item
编辑自动化对象
Add, move, delete points etc. in exactly the same way as with any envelope. To change LFO and other settings, double-click on item's title bar to open the Automation Item Properties window.
与任何包络完全相同的方式,添加、移动、删除点等。要更改LFO和其他设置,请双击对象标题栏,以打开自动化对象属性窗口。
Name or rename an item
命名或重命名对象
Open Automation Item Properties, type the name.
打开“自动化对象属性”,键入名称。
Define custom automation item transition time
定义自定义自动化对象过渡时间
Enter transition time in Automation Item Properties dialog.
在自动化对象属性对话框中输入过渡时间。
Move automation item
移动自动化对象
Click and drag left or right on the item's title bar, or up or down to another envelope, on the same or a different track or item.
在对象的标题栏上单击并向左或向右拖动,或向上或向下拖动到相同或不同轨道或对象上的另一个包络。
Move item contents
移动对象内容
Hold Alt while dragging item's title bar left or right.
按住Alt键的同时向左或向右拖动对象的标题栏。
Copy automation item to another location
复制自动化对象到其他位置
Ctrl click (to copy unpooled) or Ctrl Alt click (to copy pooled) on title bar, and drag to destination on same or another envelope, on any track, or Select item, then Alt click drag below envelope at required location.
按住Ctrl键(以复制非公有化)或按住Ctrl+Alt键(以复制公有化),单机标题栏,拖动到任意轨道上同一个或另一个包络上的目的地;或者,选择对象,然后按住Alt键并拖动到包络下方所需的位置。
Unpool automation item
取消公有化自动化对象
Choose Remove from pool from item's right-click context menu.
从对象的右键单击上下文菜单中选择“从公有化中移除”。
Use automation items with FX parameters
使用带有FX参数的自动化对象
Insert FX (e.g. compressor or delay) into the FX chain and add a parameter envelope in the normal way. Create and apply items as per usual.
将FX(例如,压缩或延迟)插入FX链,并以正常方式添加参数包络。照常创建和应用对象。
Mute automation item
静音自动化对象
Right-click on the item’s title bar, choose Mute (toggle).
右键单击对象的标题栏,选择“静音”(切换)。
Extend/copy automation item contents
扩展/复制自动化对象内容
Click and drag from just inside the item's title bar right edge to the right, or from left edge to the left.
单击并从对象标题栏的正内部右边缘向右拖动,或从左边缘向左拖动。
Extend automation item, collecting existing points
扩展自动化对象,收集现有点
Ctrl click from edge of title bar outwards. As the item is extended, existing envelope points are collected into it.
按住Ctrl键,从标题栏边缘向外单击。随着对象的扩展,现有包络点将被收集到其中。
Join automation items together
合并自动化对象
Ctrl click on title bars of all items to be joined, to select them all. Right-click over any title bar in selection and choose Glue. The items will be consolidated into a single item, which will also include any envelope portions between the glued items. Shown here is an example - before and after.
按住Ctrl键,单击所有要合并的对象的标题栏,将其全部选中。右键单击选择中的任何一个标题栏,然后选择“粘合”。这些对象将合并为单个对象,其中还将包括粘合对象之间的任何包络线段。这里显示的是一个示例-之前和之后。
Loop/unloop an item
循环/取消循环对象
Enable/disable loop option in Automation Item Properties dialog.
在“自动化对象属性”对话框中启用/禁用循环选项。
Stretch/shrink item
拉长/收缩对象
Alt click drag left/right from item title bar edge.
按住Alt,单击对象标题栏边缘,向左/向右拖动。
Save automation item
保存自动化对象
Right-click on the item's title bar, choose Save..., select folder, type a name and click Save.
右键单击对象的标题栏,选择“保存...”,选择文件夹,键入名称,然后单击“保存”。
Delete automation item
删除自动化对象
Right-click on item title bar, choose Delete .
右键单击对象标题栏,选择“删除”。
Split at cursor position
在光标位置分割
Right-click on the item's title bar, choose Split.
右键单击对象的标题栏,选择“分割”。
Duplicate automation item as pooled
克隆自动化对象为公有化
Right-click on the item's title bar, choose Create pooled duplicate. Any edits made to any item in the pool will be made to all items in the pool.
右键单击对象的标题栏,选择“创建公有化克隆体”。在任何公有化对象上所做的任何编辑,都将作用到所有的公有化对象上。
Duplicate automation as unpooled
克隆自动化为非公有化
Right-click on the item's title bar, choose Create unpooled duplicate. Each item can be modified independently of any/all other items in the pool.
右键单击对象的标题栏,选择“创建非公有化克隆体”。每个对象都可以独立于任何一个/所有的其他公有化对象进行修改。
Use multiple automation items simultaneously on the same envelope
在同一个包络上同时使用多个自动化对象
By creating multiple automation items and dragging them around as required, you can create situations where two or more automation items can be used simultaneously on the same envelope.
通过创建多个自动化对象并根据需要拖动它们,可以创建在同一个包络上同时使用两个或更多自动化对象的情况。
Notes:
注:
● To ignore snap with any of the above click-drag actions, hold also Shift while performing the action.
●若要使用上述的任一单击拖动操作,忽略吸附,请在执行操作时,同时按住Shift键。
● The main difference between pooled and unpooled items lies in how they behave when edited. An unpooled item is completely independent and can be edited without any other item being affected. Changes made to any pooled item, however, will be applied to all items in its pool. However ….
●公有化对象和非公有化对象之间的主要区别在于它们在编辑时的行为方式。非公有化的对象是完全独立的,可以在不影响任何其他对象的情况下进行编辑。对任何公有化对象所做的更改,将应用于公有化的全部对象。
● When editing pooled items via the Automation Items Properties dialog, changes made to parameters included in the All pooled copies box will be applied to all items in the pool. There is also an option you can tick for Baseline/amplitude to affect pooled copies. Other changes made within the Automation Item Properties box will only be applied to the individual item being edited.
●通过自动化对象属性对话框编辑公有化的对象时,对所有公有化的副本框中包含的参数所做的更改,将应用到全部公有化对象。还有一个选项可以勾选“基线/振幅影响公有化的副本”。在“自动化对象属性”框中所做的其他更改,将仅应用于正在编辑的单个对象。
● If the option to Move envelope points with media item (Options menu) is enabled, then when a media item is cut, copied, pasted, moved, duplicated, etc., any automation items attached to it will be moved with it.. If the portion of the media item includes only part of an automation item, then only that part will be moved or copied with the automation item.
●如果启用了(“选项”菜单)“包络点随媒体对象一起移动”的选项,则在剪切、复制、粘贴、移动、克隆媒体对象时,附加到该媒体对象的任何自动化对象都将随之移动。如果媒体对象的该部分只是包括自动化对象的一部分,则只有这一部分将随自动化对象一起移动或复制。
● Where automation items exist within regions, they will be moved and copied with the regions.
●在区间内存在自动化对象的情况下,它们将随区间一起移动和复制。
● A project’s automation items can be managed from the Automation Items page of the Project Bay. This shows all automation items currently used in the current project. You can perform many functions described in this section, for example rename any item or mute it or adjust the volume of any instance.
●工程的自动化对象,也可以在工程管理器的自动化对象页面中进行管理。这将显示当前打开的工程中当前使用的所有自动化对象。在这里,您可以执行本节中介绍的许多功能,例如,重命名任何对象,或将其静音,或调整任何实例的音量。
Automation Item (AI)
自动化对象(AI)
Preferences, Actions, Mouse Modifiers, Options - and the Media Explorer
首选项、操作、鼠标修改键、和媒体资源管理器选项
Preferences
首选项
The Editing Behavior, Automation and Editing Behavior, Envelope Display Preferences (Chapter 22) include automation item options to manage looping, pooled item behavior, and underlying envelope behavior.
首选项中的“编辑行为”、“自动化”与“编辑行为”、“包络显示”(第22章)包括用于管理循环、公有化对象行为和基础包络行为的自动化对象选项。
Actions
操作
The actions list includes various automation item commands and actions, including (but not limited to):
操作列表包括各种自动化对象命令和操作,包括(不限于):
Options: Loop new automation items by default. (toggle)
选项: 默认循环新自动化对象(切换)
Options: Always create new automation items when writing automation
选项: 在写入自动化时,总是创建新自动化对象
Options: Automation item baseline/amplitude edits affect pooled copies
选项: 自动化对象基线/振幅编辑会影响公有化的副本
Options: Automation items attach to the underlying envelope on both sides **
选项: 自动化对象附加到两侧的基础包络**
Options: Automation items attach to the underlying envelope on the right side **
选项: 自动化对象附加到右侧的基础包络**
Options: Automation items do not attach to the underlying envelope **
选项: 自动化对象不附加到基础包络**
Options: Chase non-FX envelopes to automation items when underlying envelope bypassed
选项: 旁通基础包络时,追加非FX包络到自动化对象
Options: Reduce envelope data when recording or drawing automation
选项: 绘制或录制自动化时,减少包络点的数据
Options: Remove points from underlying envelope when creating automation items
选项: 创建自动化对象时,从基础包络中移除点
Options: Trim content behind automation items when editing
选项: 编辑时修剪掉自动化对象背后的内容
Options: Add edge points when moving envelope points with items**
选项: 移动带有包络点的对象时,添加边缘点**
Options: Add edge points when ripple editing or inserting time **
选项: 波纹编辑或插入时间时,添加边缘点**
Options: Add edge points when moving multiple envelope points **
选项: 移动多个包络点时,添加边缘点**
Options: Reduce envelope point data when recording or drawing automation **
选项: 录制或绘制自动化时,减少包络点的数据**
Envelope: Add edge points to automation item
包络: 添加边缘点到自动化对象
Envelope: Convert all project automation to automation items
包络: 转换全部工程自动化为自动化对象
Envelope: Enable/disable envelope outside of automation items (AIs)
包络: 启用/禁用自动化对象(AI)以外的包络
Envelope: Enable/disable envelope outside of AIs for all envelopes on selected track
包络: 启用/禁用选中轨道上的全部包络AI以外的包络
Envelope: Enable/disable envelope outside of AIs for all envelopes in project
包络: 启用/禁用工程中的全部包络AI以外的包络
Envelope: Enable/disable envelope outside of AIs for all visible track envelopes
包络: 启用/禁用全部可见轨道包络AI以外的包络
Envelope: Mute automation items
包络: 静音自动化对象
Envelope: Glue automation items
包络: 粘合自动化对象
Envelope: Set loop points to automation item
包络: 设置循环点到自动化对象
Envelope: Set time selection to automation item
包络: 设置时间选区到自动化对象
Envelope: Split automation items
包络: 分割自动化对象
Envelope: Toggle automation item loop.
包络: 切换自动化对象循环
** available on envelope tool on default toolbar
**在默认工具栏上的包络工具上可用
Moreover. all of the commands described in the above table are available as actions in REAPER's Actions Editor and as such can be assigned to keyboard shortcuts, toolbar icons, and/or custom menus. See Chapter 15. Other actions for options not on the menu include toggle actions to control underlying envelope behavior.
此外上表中描述的所有命令都可以作为REAPER的操作编辑器中的操作使用,因此可以分配给键盘快捷键、工具栏图标和/或自定义菜单。见第15章。不在菜单上的选项的其他操作包括用于控制基本包络行为的切换操作。
Mouse Modifiers
鼠标修改键
REAPER's mouse modifiers include the contexts Automation item (left drag, double-click) and Automation item edge (left drag). All the mouse actions in the above table are listed there, as well as some further options. You can change default mouse modifier assignments, rearranging modifier key behavior as you wish.
REAPER的鼠标修改键关联包括:“自动化对象-(左键拖拽,双击)”和“自动化对象边缘-(左键拖拽)”。上表中列出了所有鼠标操作,以及一些进一步的选项。您可以更改默认鼠标修改键指定,根据需要重新排列修改键行为。
There is also a mouse modifiers preferences option Edits affect all pooled items at the same position. Also, the Envelope lane mouse modifier left drag context includes several actions and options for drawing copies of selected automation items.
还有一个鼠标修改键首选项,“编辑会影响同一位置的全部公有化对象”。此外,“包络子轨-鼠标左键拖拽”的关联,包括多个操作和选项,用于绘制所选自动化对象的副本。
Toolbar Envelope Button
工具栏包络按钮
In addition, you can right click the toolbar envelope button to access several toggle options to determine how automation items interact with underlying envelopes. These are:
此外,您还可以右击工具栏包络按钮来访问几个切换选项,以确定自动化对象与基础包络的交互方式。它们是:
Bypass underling envelope outside of automation items
旁通自动化对象以外的基础包络
Automation items do not attach to the underlying envelope
自动化对象不附加到基础包络
Automation items attach to the underlying envelope on right side
自动化对象附加到右侧的基础包络
Automation items attach to the underlying envelope on both sides.
自动化对象附加到两侧的基础包络
Chase non-FX envelope to automation items when underlying envelope is bypassed.
旁通基础包络时,追加非FX包络到自动化对象。
These commands are also available on the envelope right click menu, as well as: FX envelope overlapping automation item combination mode.
这些命令也可在包络右键单击菜单上使用,以及“FX包络: 重叠自动化对象组合模式”。
Automation Item Behavior
自动化对象行为
As well as managing preferences, you should familiarise yourself with a small number of rules governing automation item behaviors:
除了管理首选项外,您还应熟悉控制自动化对象行为的少量规则:
When automation items are moved they will obey your media item preferences snap start/end options.
移动自动化对象时,它们将遵循您的媒体对象首选项吸附开始/结束选项。
When recording automation creates new items, smaller items will be created if they intersect with existing items.
当录制自动化创建新对象时,如果对象与现有对象相交,将创建较小的对象。
When trim-behind is used to split automation items, your pool on split preference settings will be obeyed.
当“修剪掉背后的”用于分割自动化对象时,将遵守分割时的公有化首选项设置。
The Media Explorer
媒体资源管理器
Automation Items can be managed from the Media Explorer like other media items. Simply navigate to the correct directory to preview. Right click over any item name for a menu of options for inserting into the project.
与其他媒体对象一样,可以在媒体资源管理器中管理自动化对象。只需导航到要预览的正确目录。在任意对象名称上单击鼠标右键,可获得用于插入到工程中的选项菜单。

琴韵晓波

沙发 琴韵晓波说：
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