5.16 VCA编组——REAPER用户手册中文版

琴韵晓波

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5.16 VCA Grouping
5.16 VCA编组
The origins of VCAs (Voltage Controlled Amplifiers) predate digital audio. By way of analogy, VCAs in REAPER are a form of track grouping which allows tracks to be followers within a group to a single track lead. VCA follow tracks will have their volume dBs added to that of the VCA lead track: thus, with VCA grouping the process is additive. With conventional grouping, (such as in section 5.16) nothing is added, the tracks are simply linked. VCA groups can be set up and managed using the same track grouping matrix as in 5.16. In this section we will keep to simple examples, to help you understand the VCA concept. The basic procedure for creating a VCA group is:
VCA(压控放大器)的起源早于数字音频。打个比方,REAPER中的VCA是一种轨道编组形式,它允许编组内的跟随轨道成为一条单一的轨道主导。VCA跟随轨道将其音量的分贝值添加到VCA引导轨道的音量中:因此,对于VCA编组,该过程是累加的。对于常规编组,(如在第5.16节中)不添加任何内容,只是简单地链接轨道。可以使用与5.16中相同的编组矩阵设置和管理VCA编组。在本节中,我们将继续使用简单的示例,以帮助您理解VCA的概念。创建VCA编组的基本步骤如下:
1. Add a new track at the end of your project and give it a suitable name, such as VCA Control. Ordinarily, this track should contain no media items.
1.在工程的最下方添加一条新轨道,并给它起一个合适的名称,如“VCA contain”。通常,此轨道不应包含媒体对象。
2. Display the track grouping matrix for this track and select a currently unused group. Name this group VCA.
2.显示该轨道的轨道编组矩阵,并选择当前未使用的编组。将此编组命名为VCA。
3. Set the VCA status in this group for your VCA Control track to L (for lead).
3.将VCA控制轨道在该编组中的VCA状态设置为L(代表主导)。
4. Set the VCA status in this group for any tracks that you want it to control to F (for Follow).
4.将此编组中要控制的任何轨道的VCA状态设置为F(表示跟随)。
Example
示例
Open the file All Through The Night.RPP and save it as All Through The Night VCA.RPP.
打开文件All Through The Night.RPP,并将其另存为All Through The Night VCA.RPP。
Pan the first guitar track 35% left and the other 35% right. Add a new track (Track 5) and name it VCA Control.
把第一条吉他轨道的声像设为35%左,另一条的声像设为35%右。添加新轨道(轨道5),并将其命名为“VCA Control”。
Display the track grouping matrix (Ctrl Alt G). Make sure that the other tracks are in the same order as shown here, below right.
显示编组矩阵(Ctrl+Alt+G)。确保其他轨道的顺序与矩阵(右下角)中所示的顺序相同。
Right-click over the text Group “n” to open the Grouping dialog box (above). Click the Rename button, then type VCA, then on OK, then Close the dialog box.
在文本Group 1上单击鼠标右键,以打开编组对话框(上图)。单击重命名按钮,然后键入vca,然后单击确定,然后关闭对话框。
Set up this group as shown (right), so that track 5 is your VCA lead track and tracks 2, 3 and 4 are VCA follow tracks.
如图(右)所示设置此编组,使轨道5为您的VCA主导轨道,轨道2、3和4为VCA跟随轨道。
Play the song. As you raise the volume fader on the VCA control track, the three instrument tracks will each become louder. As you turn down the volume on track 5, the instruments will become quieter.
播放这首歌。当您调高VCA control轨道上的音量推子时,三条乐器轨道将各自变得更响亮。当你把轨道5上的音量调低时,乐器会变得更安静。
Notice that the VU meter levels on the follow instrument tracks will change.
请注意,以下乐器轨道上的VU表电平将发生变化。
The adjusted volume of these tracks (added to that of any audio produced by any items in VCA control track itself) is sent to the lead. Thus, the lead's VU meter levels change as the VCA control track fader is adjusted.
这些轨道的调整音量(加上VCA control轨道本身中任何对象产生的任何音频的音量)被发送到主导。因此,主导的VU仪表电平随着VCA control轨道推子的调整而变化。
Now let's try something different. Make sure that the pan law for all tracks is set to Stereo balance/mono pan. This is done by right clicking over the track's pan control and selecting from the pan law drop down list.
现在让我们尝试一些不同的东西。确保所有轨道的声像法则设置为“立体声平衡/单声道声像”。这是通过右键单击轨道的声像控件,并从声像法则下拉列表中进行选择来完成的。
Click on the Bouzouki/VCA matrix cell to remove it from the group. Now play the song again. As you do so, adust the pan setting on the VCA control track. You will find that the panning of the three instrument tracks will each be adjusted accordingly. Save the file.
单击Bouzouki/VCA矩阵单元格,将其从编组中删除。现在再放一遍这首歌。执行此操作时,调整VCA control轨道上的声像设置。您会发现,三条乐器轨道的声像都会相应地进行调整。保存文件。
VCA Grouping Parameters
VCA编组参数
This table summarizes the VCA track grouping matrix options and parameters:
此表汇总了VCA编组矩阵选项和参数:
Parameter Comment
参数 注释
Volume
音量
Adjust the volume fader on the VCA lead to adjust the volume of all follow tracks in the VCA group. Note that the follow track faders themselves will not be moved.
调整VCA主导上的音量推子,以调整VCA编组中所有跟随轨道的音量。请注意,跟随轨道推子本身不会移动。
Pan
声像
Provided either Stereo balance/mono pan or Stereo pan has been selected as the pan law, changing the panning on the VCA lead will cause the panning of all follow tracks in the group to be changed. The pan faders on the follow tracks, however will not be moved.
如果已选择“立体声平衡/单声道声像”或“立体声组合声像”作为声像法则,则更改VCA主导上的声像,将导致该编组中所有跟随轨道的声像发生更改。但是,不会移动跟随轨道上的声像推子。
Pre FX Follow
FX前跟随
If the track grouping matrix option Flag: VCA pre-FX follow is selected for any VCA follow track, then the signal volume will be adjusted before it is fed into the that track's FX chain.
如果为任何VCA跟随轨道选择了编组矩阵选项“标志:VCA FX前跟随”,则信号音量将在送入该轨道的FX链之前进行调整。
Automation
自动化
Volume, pan and width changes on follow tracks can be automated by adding envelopes to the VCA control track. The envelopes will be applied to all follow tracks in the group. Follow tracks may also have their own automation envelopes. Chapter 18 includes more about envelopes.
通过向VCA control轨道添加包络,可以自动更改跟随轨道上的音量、声像和宽度。包络将应用于编组中的所有跟随轨道。跟随轨道也可能有自己的自动化包络。第18章包括更多关于包络的内容。
Mute
静音
A mute envelope can be added to the VCA lead. This envelope will be applied to all VCA follow tracks in the group. Automation envelopes are explained in Chapter 18.
可以将静音包络添加到VCA主导。此包络将应用于编组中的所有VCA跟随轨道。自动化包络在第18章中介绍。
Note: Defining a track as a VCA lead causes that track's volume and pan faders to control volume and panning on all of its follow tracks. Keep in mind that a VCA control track is not a track folder or submix. No audio passes thru a VCA lead/control track. It would make no sense to add audio FX directly to a VCA control track.
注意:将轨道定义为VCA主导,会导致该轨道的音量和声像推子控制其所有后续轨道上的音量和声像。请记住,VCA control轨道不是轨道文件夹或次级混音。没有音频通过VCA主导/control轨道。将音频FX直接添加到VCA控制轨道是没有意义的。
Further Examples of VCA Grouping Models
VCA编组模型的进一步示例
Here are some more examples of situations in which VCA grouping can be helpful. Doubtless you will in time find further and perhaps more complex applications of your own.
以下是VCA编组可能会有所帮助的更多情况示例。毫无疑问,随着时间的推移,您会发现您自己的更多甚至更复杂的应用程序。
VCA with Automation Envelopes
带有自动化包络的VCA
You will need to understand something about automation envelopes if you are to understand this section. Automation envelopes are explained in Chapter 18.
如果您要理解本节,则需要了解一些有关自动化包络的知识。自动化包络在第18章中解释。
Conventional automation does not work well with ordinary groups. For example, a volume or pan envelope on a group lead track will, on playback, adjust the volume or pan settings on that one track only, not on its follows.
传统自动化在普通编组中不能很好地工作。例如,编组主导轨上的音量或声像包络在回放时,将仅调整这一条轨道上的音量或声像设置,而不会调整其跟随轨道上的音量或声像设置。
With VCA grouping, however, an envelope on a VCA control track will be applied to the summed total of its follow tracks. You can have separate automation envelopes on both the VCA lead and any of the follow tracks within the group.
然而,对于VCA编组,VCA control轨道上的包络将应用于其跟随轨道的总和。您可以在VCA主导和编组内的任何跟随轨道上都有单独的自动化包络。
Shown here is the same project as in the previous example, with the same groups as before, and with volume envelopes added to the VCA control track and one of the follow tracks (Bouzouki). The summed levels of both follow and lead envelopes will, on playback, be sent to the lead.
此处显示的工程与上一个示例中的工程相同,具有与前面相同的编组,并将音量包络添加到VCA control轨道和其中一个跟随轨道(Bouzouki)。在回放时,跟随包络和主导包络的电平总和将被发送到主导。
Actions to Manage VCA Envelopes
管理VCA包络的操作
Two actions are available which add extra functionality to VCA envelopes. These are Envelope: apply all VCAs from selected tracks to grouped tracks and reset volume/pan/mute and Envelope: apply all VCAs to selected tracks and remove from VCA groups. Actions are explained in Chapter 15, but, in short, you can assign your own keyboard shortcuts to these actions, and/or add them to REAPER's menus.
有两个操作可用于向VCA包络添加额外功能。他们是: “包络: 应用选中轨道上的全部VCA到编组的轨道,并重置音量/声像/静音”和“包络: 应用全部VCA到选中的轨道,并从VCA编组中移除”。第15章解释这些操作,但简而言之,你可以为这些操作分配你自己的键盘快捷键,或将它们添加到REAPER的菜单中。
The effect of the these actions is illustrated here. Tracks 2 and 3 are followers of track 4 in a VCA group. A volume envelope has been added to the VCA lead track. This track is selected.
这些操作的效果如下所示。轨道2和3是VCA编组中轨道4的跟随。音量包络已添加到VCA主导。此轨道已选中。
Running the action Envelope: apply all VCAs from selected tracks to grouped tracks and reset volume/pan/mute causes an identical envelope to be added to each of follow track and to remove it from the lead. The VCA group settings remain intact.
运行操作“包络: 应用选中轨道上的全部VCA到编组的轨道,并重置音量/声像/静音”,会导致将相同的包络添加到每个跟随轨道,并将其从主导中移除。VCA编组设置保持不变。
Running the action Envelope: apply all VCAs from selected tracks to grouped tracks and remove from VCA group would also cause identical volume envelopes to be added to each follow track, but these tracks would be removed from the VCA group while the envelope on the VCA lead track would remain intact.
运行操作“包络: 应用全部VCA到选中的轨道,并从VCA编组中移除”,也会导致将相同的音量包络添加到每个跟随轨道,但这些轨道将从VCA编组中移除,而VCA主导轨上的包络将保持不变。
Note that if any of the VCA follow tracks already contain a volume envelope, then the values on the VCA lead track envelope will be added to those already on the follow track envelope.
请注意,如果任何VCA跟随轨道已包含音量包络,则VCA主导轨包络上的值将与跟随轨道包络上现有的值相加。
These actions can applied to VCA lead pan, width and/or mute envelopes as well as volume envelopes.
这些操作可以应用于VCA主导声像、宽度和静音包络,以及音量包络。
VCA with Overlapping Groups
具有重叠编组的VCA
Conventional grouping does not fully allow for overlapping group membership. For example, tracks 1 to 3 volume faders could be grouped as leads and follows in one group, tracks 4 to 6 in a second group, but you could not have another group to control volume faders on, say, tracks 1 and 6 only.
传统编组完全不允许重叠编组成员资格。例如,轨道1到3的音量推子可以编组为主导轨道,并在一个编组中跟随,轨道4到6在第二编组中,但您不能有另一编组来控制音量推子,例如,轨道1和6上的音量推子。
VCA grouping makes this possible. You could create two ordinary groups - one each for volume control on tracks 1 to 3 and 4 to 6. You could then create a VCA group (Lead) to control volume on tracks 1 and 6 only (Follows).
VCA编组使这成为可能。您可以创建两个普通编组——每个编组用于轨道1到3和轨道4到6上的音量控制。然后,您可以创建一个VCA组(主导),以仅控制轨道1和6的音量(跟随)。
Note also that a track that is a VCA lead in one group can also be a follow in another VCA group: this technique is known as chaining.
还需要注意的是,一个编组中的VCA主导轨道也可以是另一个VCA编组中的跟随轨道: 这种技术被称为链接。
Tip: Pressing Alt Shift G will toggle on and off item and track media grouping. This can be useful if you want to temporarily disable track grouping, then later re-enable it.
提示: 按Alt+Shift+G将切换对象和轨道媒体编组。如果您想暂时禁用轨道编组,然后再重新启用它,这将非常有用。

琴韵晓波

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