10.7 拉伸标记——REAPER用户手册中文版

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10.7 Stretch Markers
10.7 拉伸标记

Stretch markers can be used to speed up or slow down part of an audio item or selection or group of items. They can be inserted at the current play cursor position or at the start and end of a time selection. Unlike standard project markers (which apply to the project as a whole), stretch markers are only applied to the item(s) selected at the time they are inserted. By dragging these markers left or right, the tempo of these items can be changed.
拉伸标记可用于加快或减慢音频对象、对象选择或对象编组的某部分的速度。它们可以插入到当前播放光标位置或时间选区的开始和结束位置。与标准的工程标记(应用于整个工程)不同,拉伸标记仅应用于插入时选中的对象。通过向左或向右拖动这些标记,可以更改这些对象的速度。
Creating and Using Stretch Markers
创建和使用拉伸标记
To create stretch markers, follow this sequence:
要创建拉伸标记,请按照以下顺序操作:
● Position the play cursor at the point where you want to insert a single marker, or make a time selection starting and ending where you wish to insert two stretch markers.
● 将播放光标放置在要插入单个标记的点上,或将希望插入两个拉伸标记的位置设为时间选区的开始和结束点。
● Select the item or items to which you want the marker(s) to be added
● 选择要向其添加标记的一个或多个对象
● Choose Item from the main menu (or right-click on the item to show the context menu).
● 从主菜单中选择“对象”(或在右键上下文菜单中单击“对象”)。
● Choose Stretch markers then either Add stretch marker at cursor (Shift W) to insert a single marker or Add stretch markers at time selection to insert a pair of markers at the start and end of a time selection.
● 在“拉伸标记”中,选择“在光标处添加拉伸标记”(Shift+W),插入单个标记,或“在时间选区处添加拉伸标记”,在时间选区的开始和结束位置插入一对标记。
Note that as an alternative to inserting stretch markers, the Stretch markers menu has options to calculate transient guides: the same menu also has an option to clear these.
请注意,作为插入拉伸标记的替代方法,拉伸标记菜单具有“计算瞬态参考线”的选项:在他们的同一菜单中还有清除这些选项的选项。
Hover the mouse over the stretch marker to display a horizontal (not vertical) double-headed mouse cursor as shown in the examples below. Stretch markers can then be dragged left or right with the mouse to adjust timing.
将鼠标悬停在拉伸标记上可显示水平(而非垂直)双头鼠标光标,如下例所示。然后,可以使用鼠标向左或向右拖动拉伸标记,以调整时间信息。
Holding Shift Alt while dragging the first of a pair of stretch markers will move both markers together, preserving the distance and timing between them. Other modifier keys are listed on the table on the next page.
按住Shift+Alt键的同时拖动一对拉伸标记中的第一个,将同时移动两个标记,并保持它们之间的距离和时间信息。下一页的表中列出了其他修改键。
Meanwhile, here are some examples showing how stretch markers can be manipulated.
同时,这里有一些例子展示了如何操作拉伸标记。
A stretch marker is inserted in this item at the position shown. As it is dragged left, timing is made faster before (left of) the marker and slower after (right of) the marker.
拉伸标记将插入到此对象中所示的位置。当向左拖动时,在标记之前(左侧)的时间信息会变得更紧蹙,在标记之后(右侧)的时间信息会变得更舒缓。
In this second example, stretch markers are added at a time selection. Left marker dragged right to speed up area between markers, slowing down area before. Notice new stretch markers are automatically added to the left and at the start of the item. The same marker is dragged further left as Shift Alt are held. Timing before the marker changes but the timing between the original two markers does not change, as both markers and the area between them are dragged together.
在第二个示例中,拉伸标记是添加在时间选区处的。向右拖动左标记可加速标记之间的区域,减慢之前的区域。请注意,新的拉伸标记会自动添加到对象左侧和起始处。按住Shift+Alt键将同一标记进一步向左拖动。标记之前的时间信息会改变,但原始两个标记之间的时间信息不会改变,因为这两个标记及其之间的区域是在一起拖动的。
Modifying Stretch Markers
修改拉伸标记
If you hover your mouse ever so slightly to the left or right of a stretch marker, your mouse cursor will change from a horizontal arrow to a vertical one. This can be used to gradually speed up or slow down playback between any two stretch markers (or before the first or after the last one) without affecting playback speed of any other part of the item. Note that one consequence of this is that the overall item length will be shortened or lengthened.
如果您将鼠标稍稍悬停在拉伸标记的左侧或右侧,您的鼠标光标将从水平箭头变为垂直箭头。这可用于在任意两个拉伸标记之间(或在第一个拉伸标记之前或最后一个拉伸标记之后)逐渐加快或减慢回放,而不会影响对象的任何其他部分的回放速度。请注意,这样做的一个后果是整个对象长度将被缩短或加长。
Here a stretch marker has been inserted shortly after the start of an item. We wish to gradually slow down the introductory passage without affecting anything else. Hovering the mouse just left of the stretch marker changes the cursor into a vertical double headed arrow. We drag this downwards so that the introductory passage gradually slows down. Dragging it up would make it gradually speed up. In the above example, holding Shift while dragging the mouse down would cause the item to speed up at the beginning then gradually slow down. Dragging the mouse up would have the opposite effect.
在这里,在对象开始后不久就插入了拉伸标记。我们希望在不影响其他任何内容的情况下逐渐放慢前奏段落的速度。将鼠标悬停在拉伸标记的左侧会将光标更改为垂直双箭头。我们把它往下拖,这样前奏段落就会逐渐变慢。把它向上拖会让它逐渐加速。在上面的示例中,在按住Shift键的同时向下拖动鼠标会导致对象在开始时加速,然后逐渐减慢。向上拖动鼠标会产生相反的效果。
Other Stretch Marker Modifiers
其他拉伸标记修改键
Various other modifier keys can be used in conjunction with your mouse (left drag) to modify the behavior when a stretch markers are dragged. These defaults can be changed by selecting Media item stretch markers on the Mouse Modifiers page of REAPER's preferences (see Chapter 15).
拖动拉伸标记时,可以将各种其他修改键按键与鼠标(左键拖拽)结合使用,以修改行为。这些默认设置可以通过选择REAPER“首选项”的“鼠标修改键”页面上的“媒体对象拉伸标记”来更改(参见第15章)。
Default left drag mouse modifiers for context Media Item Stretch Markers
“关联”中的“媒体对象拉伸标记-左键拖拽”的默认鼠标修改键
(none) Move stretch marker.
默认操作 行为:移动拉伸标记
Shift Move stretch marker ignoring snap.
Shift 行为:移动拉伸标记(忽略吸附)
Ctrl Move stretch marker ignoring selection/grouping.
Ctrl 行为:移动拉伸标记(忽略选择/编组)
Shift+Ctrl Move stretch marker ignoring snap and selection/grouping.
Shift+Ctrl 行为:移动拉伸标记(忽略吸附和选择/编组)
Alt Move contents under the stretch marker.
Alt 行为:移动拉伸标记下的内容
Shift+Alt Move stretch marker pair.
Shift+Alt 行为:移动拉伸标记对
Ctrl+Alt Move contents under the stretch marker ignoring selection/grouping.
Ctrl+Alt 行为:移动拉伸标记下的内容(忽略选择/编组)
Shift+Ctrl+Alt Move stretch marker pair ignoring snap.
Shift+Ctrl+Alt 行为:移动拉伸标记对(忽略吸附)
Other stretch marker mouse modifier choices are available from the Mouse Modifiers window, including enabling or disabling the option to act on a pair of stretch markers.
“鼠标修改键”窗口中提供了其他拉伸标记鼠标修改键选项,包括启用或禁用作用于一对拉伸标记的选项。
You can also use your mouse (left drag) to modify stretch marker rates. First, hover your mouse over the stretch markers so as to show a vertical double-headed arrow as in the examples below.
也可以使用鼠标(左键拖拽)修改拉伸标记速率。首先,将鼠标悬停在拉伸标记上,以显示一个垂直双头箭头,如下例所示。
Default left drag mouse modifiers for context Media Item Stretch Marker Rate
“关联”中的“媒体对象拉伸标记速率-左键拖拽”的默认鼠标修改键
(none) Edit stretch marker rate, ripple markers.
默认操作 行为:编辑拉伸标记速率,波纹标记
Shift Edit stretch marker rate.
Shift 行为:编辑拉伸标记速率
Ctrl Edit stretch marker rate, move contents under marker.
Ctrl 行为:编辑拉伸标记速率,移动在标记下的内容
Shift+Ctrl Edit stretch marker rate, move contents under marker, ripple markers.
Shift+Ctrl 行为:编辑拉伸标记速率,移动在标记下的内容,波纹标记
Alt Edit stretch marker rates on both sides, ripple markers.
Alt 行为:编辑两边的拉伸标记速率,波纹标记
Shift+Alt Edit stretch marker rates on both sides.
Shift+Alt 行为:编辑两边的拉伸标记速率
Ctrl+Alt Edit stretch marker rate on both sides, preserving marker positions.
Ctrl+Alt 行为:编辑两边的拉伸标记速率,保留标记位置
Shift+Ctrl+Alt Edit stretch marker rate on both sides, move contents under marker, ripple markers.
Shift+Ctrl+Alt 行为:编辑两边的拉伸标记速率,移动在标记下的内容,波纹标记
Other stretch marker rate mouse modifier choices are available from the Preferences, Editing Behavior, Mouse Modifiers window, including the option to ignore selection/grouping.
其他拉伸标记速率鼠标修改键选项可从“首选项”、“编辑行为”、“鼠标修改键”窗口中获得,包括忽略选择/编组的选项。
Ctrl Double-click on a stretch marker to open a dialog where you can manually edit start rate, end rate, or both, and (optionally) link start/end rates. Options can also be accessed from the context menu, using the Stretch marker, Stretch marker at cursor command.
按住Ctrl双击拉伸标记,以打开一个对话框,您可以在其中手动编辑“开始速率”、“结束速率”或两者,以及(可选)“链接开始/结束速率”。也可以从上下文菜单中访问选项,使用“拉伸标记”--“光标处的拉伸标记”命令,。
In addition to the commands and mouse actions explained above, note that:
除了上面解释的命令和鼠标操作外,请注意:
● The Item Properties dialog box includes an option to optimize stretch markers for tonal content.
● 对象属性对话框包括一个选项,用于优化音调内容的拉伸标记。
● The Dynamic Split Items dialog (see Chapter 9) has an option to Replace stretch markers. This replaces existing stretch markers in the item(s) and replaced with dynamic splits.
● 动态分割对象对话框(参见第9章),有一个替换拉伸标记的选项。这将替换对象中的现有拉伸标记,并替换为动态分割。
● Several stretch marker Actions are available, for example to go to the nearest, next or previous stretch marker. For more information about REAPER's Actions and Actions Editor, see Chapter 15.
● 有几个拉伸标记操作可用,例如转到最近的、下一个或上一个拉伸标记。有关REAPER操作和操作编辑器的更多信息,请参见第15章。
● Double-click on a stretch marker to reset its value to 1.0.
● 双击拉伸标记以将其值重置为1.0。
The Stretch Markers Context Menu
拉伸标记上下文菜单
● Stretch markers can be snapped to grid by choosing Snap to grid from the Stretch markers in selected items or Snap stretch markers in selected items within time selection options on the Stretch markers menu.
● 通过从“拉伸标记”菜单上的“所选对象中的拉伸标记”,或“时间选区内所选对象中的拉伸标记”中,选择“吸附到网格”选项,可以将拉伸标记吸附到网格。
● A stretch marker can be removed by holding Alt while clicking on it. Markers can also be removed by choosing Remove from the Stretch markers in selected items or Snap stretch markers in selected items within time selection options on the Stretch markers menu. Removing stretch markers will cause an item's timing to revert to its state before the markers were added. To make any changes to the item permanent, instead of removing the stretch markers manually you can Glue the item (from the main Item menu).
● 通过在按住Alt的同时单击拉伸标记,可以将其移除。也可以在“拉伸标记”菜单中,通过选择“所选对象中的拉伸标记”或“时间选区内所选对象中的拉伸标记”中的“移除”命令来移除标记。移除拉伸标记,将导致对象的时间信息恢复到添加标记之前的状态。要永久更改对象,可以(从“对象”主菜单)“粘合对象”,而不是手动删除拉伸标记。
● Where a number of items have been selected, markers will be added to the items in that selection. As long as they remain selected, moving one marker in the selection will also move the others. This can be overridden by holding Ctrl while dragging the marker.
● 在选中了多个对象的情况下,将向该对象选择添加标记。只要它们保持选中状态,移动选区中的一个标记也会移动其他标记。可以通过在按住Ctrl键的同时拖动标记来覆盖此设置。
● Where items have been grouped, markers added to one item in the group will also be added to other items in that group. By default they will be moved together when one is moved. This can be over-ridden by holding Ctrl when dragging the marker. Grouping items is explained in Chapter 7. The following example shows how stretch markers can be used with grouped items.
● 在对象已编组的情况下,添加到编组中某一个对象上的标记也将添加到该编组中的其他对象上。默认情况下,当移动其中一个时,它们将一起移动。可以通过在拖动标记时按住Ctrl键来覆盖此设置。对对象进行编组,在第7章中说明。下面的示例显示如何将拉伸标记与编组的对象一起使用。
● Stretch markers can be any of four modes. These are Balanced mode, Tonal-optimized mode, Transient optimised mode or No pre-echo reduction mode. Your preferred default mode can be defined in the Project settings window.
● “……”拉伸标记可以是四种模式中的任何一种。这些模式包括“平衡模式”、“音调优化模式”、“瞬态优化模式”或“无预回声减少模式”。您首选的默认模式可以在工程设置窗口中定义。
These two items have been grouped. Selecting and adding stretch markers to either causes the markers to also be added to the other.
这两个对象已经编组在一起了。选择拉伸标记并将其添加到其中一个,会导致标记也添加到另一个。
Adjusting the marker position for one item by default makes the same adjustment on other items in the group.
默认情况下,调整一个对象的标记位置会对编组中的其他对象进行相同的调整。
Stretch Marker Actions
拉伸标记操作
Finally, remember the Action List! It includes actions for every stretch marker command: these can be added to menus and/or toolbars if you wish, and/or assigned to keyboard shortcuts. In particular note these two actions:
最后,记住操作列表!它包括每个拉伸标记命令的操作:如果您愿意,可以将这些操作添加到菜单和工具栏,或指定给键盘快捷键。特别要注意这两个操作:
Stretch markers at project tempo changes and to Clear and recalculate auto-stretch at project tempo changes.
“在工程速度更改时添加拉伸标记”与“在工程速度更改时清除并重新计算自动拉伸”。
Neither of these appear on the media item context Stretch markers menu, but you could customize the media item context menu if you wish.
这两个选项都不会出现在媒体对象的上下文拉伸标记菜单上,但如果愿意,您可以自定义媒体对象上下文菜单。

琴韵晓波

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